二语习得考试提纲)

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1、SLA期末考试提纲Week9Chapter1IntroducingSecondLanguageAcquisitionChapter2FoundationsofSecondLanguageAcquisitionPARTONE:Definition:1.SecondLanguageAcquisition(SLA):atermthatrefersbothtothestudyofindividualsandgroupswhoarelearningalanguagesubsequenttolearningtheirfirstoneasyoungchildren,a

2、ndtotheprocessoflearningthatlanguage.2.FormalL2learning:instructedlearningthattakesplaceinclassrooms.3.InformalL2learning:SLAthattakesplaceinnaturalisticcontexts.4.Firstlanguage/nativelanguage/mothertongue(L1):Alanguagethatisacquirednaturallyinearlychildhood,usuallybecauseitisthe

3、primarylanguageofachild’sfamily.Achildwhogrowsupinamultilingualsettingmayhavemorethanone“first”language.5.Secondlanguage(L2):Initsgeneralsense,thistermreferstoanylanguagethatisacquiredafterthefirstlanguagehasbeenestablished.Initsspecificsense,thistermtypicallyreferstoanadditional

4、languagewhichislearnedwithinacontextwhereitissocietallydominantandneededforeducation,employment,andotherbasicpurposes.Themorespecificsensecontrastswithforeignlanguage,librarylanguage,auxiliarylanguage,andlanguageforspecificpurposes.6.Targetlanguage:Thelanguagethatistheaimorgoalof

5、learning.7.Foreignlanguage:Asecondlanguagethatisnotwidelyusedinthelearners’immediatesocialcontext,butratheronethatmightbeusedforfuturetravelorothercross-culturalcommunicationsituations,oronethatmightbestudiedbestudiedasacurricularrequirementorelectiveinschoolwithnoimmediateornece

6、ssarypracticalapplication.8.Librarylanguage:Asecondlanguagethatfunctionsasatoolforfurtherlearning,especiallywhenbooksandjournalsinadesiredfieldofstudyarenotcommonlypublishedinthelearner’sL1.9.Auxiliarylanguage:Asecondlanguagethatlearnersneedtoknowforsomeofficialfunctionsintheirim

7、mediatesociopoliticalsetting.Orthattheywillneedforpurposesofwidercommunication,althoughtheirfirstlanguageservesmostotherneedsintheirlives.10.Linguisticcompetence:Theunderlyingknowledgethatspeakers/hearershaveofalanguage.Chomskydistinguishesthisfromlinguisticperformance.11.Linguis

8、ticperformance:Theuseoflanguageknowledge