资源描述：
《炎症-双语》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ChapterFourInflammation炎症Commondiseases（常见疾病）Inflammatoryagents（致炎因素）Basicpathologicalchangesofinflammation（炎症基本病理改变）Theprocessofacuteinflammation(vascular,cellularandmoleculareventsininflammation,difficultpart)（急性炎症过程－血管、细胞和分子）Theclassificationofinflammation(practicalandusefulpart)（炎症类型）1Section
2、1炎症概述Introduction1.1炎症的概念（concept)Inflammationisadefensiveresponseintendtoeliminatetheinitialcauseofcellinjuryaswellasthenecroticcellsandtissuesresultingfromtheoriginalinsult.adefensivereactioninlivingtissuewithvascularsystemtoinjuriousstimuli.2Cellinjury(degeneration变性andnecrosis)Protectiverespo
3、nse(exudation渗出,regeneration再生)Repairingthedefectconcomitantly(regenerationofparenchymal实质cellsandconnectivetissuecells)炎症：一种局部组织以消除引起细胞损伤因素和坏死组织和细胞为目的的防御或保护性反应。3Inflammatoryagents：injuryfactors:Physical物理,Chemical化学,Biological生物,NecrotictissuesImmuneagents免疫1.2炎症的原因etiologyofinflammation41.3基本病理
4、变化ThebasicpathologicalchangesAlteration变质：(degenerationandnecrosis)Exudation渗出(hallmark,vascularchange）Proliferation增生(parenchymal实质andstromal间质)5Alteration变质:Degererationandnecrosisoflocalcellandtissueintheinflammatoryfocus.Bothparenchymalandstromalcellsoflocaltissuesareinvolveddegeneration:hydr
5、opic水样,Fatty脂肪,hyaline玻璃样andmucoid粘液样,extracellular细胞外accumulation(cholesterol胆固醇,proteins,glycogen糖原,pigments色素)necrosis:coagulative凝固性,liquifactive液化性andfibrinoid纤维素样6Exudation渗出Definition:炎症局部血管内成分通过血管壁进入组织间隙、体腔、体表和粘膜表面的过程。Bloodcomponentsextravasate渗出frombloodvesselsintointerstitialtissue组织间隙,
6、bodycavities体腔orsurfaceofthebodyandmucosaduringinflammation;Exudates(Components):fluid,plasma血浆,fibrin,proteinandleukocytes7Significanceofexudation:Protectivefunction:Diluteandneutralize中和toxinandharmfulmaterials.Limit&clearupinvadingmicrobesBreakdown&absorbnecrotictissuesBeneficialtoregeneration
7、andrepairOccurringintheearlystageofinflammationandsustainingduringinflammation8Pulmonaryedema:Exudationofplasmaproteins9Exudate渗出物andtransudate漏出物Cause：inflammationnon-inflammationGross：cloudyclearGravity：>1.018<1.018P
