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1、globalwarming,thegradualincreaseofthetemperatureoftheearth'sloweratmosphereasaresultoftheincreaseingreenhousegasessincetheIndustrialRevolution.Thetemperatureoftheatmosphereneartheearth'ssurfaceiswarmedthroughanaturalprocesscalledthegreenhouseeffect.Visible,shortwavelightcomesfromthesuntotheea
2、rth,passingunimpededthroughablanketofthermal,orgreenhouse,gasescomposedlargelyofwatervapor,carbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,andozone.Infraredradiationreflectsofftheplanet'ssurfacetowardspacebutdoesnoteasilypassthroughthethermalblanket.Someofitistrappedandreflecteddownward,keepingtheplanetat
3、anaveragetemperaturesuitabletolife,about60°F(16°C).Growthinindustry,agriculture,andtransportationsincetheIndustrialRevolutionhasproducedadditionalquantitiesofthenaturalgreenhousegasespluschlorofluorocarbonsandothergases,augmentingthethermalblanket.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatthisincreaseinthequa
4、ntityofgreenhousegasesistrappingmoreheatandincreasingglobaltemperatures,makingaprocessthathasbeenbeneficialtolifepotentiallydisruptiveandharmful.Duringthepastcentury,theatmospherictemperaturehasrisen1.1°F(0.6°C),andsealevelhasrisenseveralinches.Someprojected,longer-termresultsofglobalwarmingi
5、ncludemeltingofpolarice,witharesultingriseinsealevelandcoastalflooding;disruptionofdrinkingwatersuppliesdependentonsnowmelts;profoundchangesinagricultureduetoclimatechange;extinctionofspeciesasecologicalnichesdisappear;morefrequenttropicalstorms;andanincreasedincidenceoftropicaldiseases.Among
6、factorsthatmaybecontributingtoglobalwarmingaretheburningofcoalandpetroleumproducts(sourcesofcarbondioxide,methane,nitrousoxide,ozone);deforestation,whichincreasestheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere;methanegasreleasedinanimalwaste;andincreasedcattleproduction,whichcontributestodeforestatio
7、n,methaneproduction,anduseoffossilfuels.Muchofthedebatesurroundingglobalwarminghascenteredontheaccuracyofscientificpredictionsconcerningfuturewarming.Topredictglobalclimatictrends,climatologistsaccumulatelargehistoricaldatabasesandusethemtocr
