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1、GAWK:EffectiveAWKProgrammingAUser’sGuideforGNUAwkEdition3April,2010ArnoldD.Robbins“Toboldlygowherenomanhasgonebefore”isaRegisteredTrademarkofParamountPicturesCorporation.Publishedby:FreeSoftwareFoundation51FranklinStreet,FifthFloorBoston,MA02110-1301US
2、APhone:+1-617-542-5942Fax:+1-617-542-2652Email:gnu@gnu.orgURL:http://www.gnu.org/ISBN1-882114-28-0Copyrightc1989,1991,1992,1993,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2007,2009,2010FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc.ThisisEdition3ofGAWK:EffectiveAWK
3、Programming:AUser’sGuideforGNUAwk,forthe3.1.8(orlater)versionoftheGNUimplementationofAWK.Permissionisgrantedtocopy,distributeand/ormodifythisdocumentunderthetermsoftheGNUFreeDocumentationLicense,Version1.3oranylaterversionpublishedbytheFreeSoftwareFoun
4、dation;withtheInvariantSectionsbeing“GNUGeneralPublicLicense”,theFront-Covertextsbeing(a)(seebelow),andwiththeBack-CoverTextsbeing(b)(seebelow).Acopyofthelicenseisincludedinthesectionentitled“GNUFreeDocumentationLicense”.a.“AGNUManual”b.“Youhavethefree
5、domtocopyandmodifythisGNUmanual.BuyingcopiesfromtheFSFsupportsitindevelopingGNUandpromotingsoftwarefreedom.”CoverartbyEtienneSuvasa.ToMiriam,formakingmecomplete.ToChana,forthejoyyoubringus.ToRivka,fortheexponentialincrease.ToNachum,fortheaddeddimension
6、.ToMalka,forthenewbeginning.iShortContentsForeword::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1Preface:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::31GettingStartedwithawk::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::112RegularExpressions:::::::::::::::::::::::
7、:::::::::::243ReadingInputFiles::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::364PrintingOutput:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::585Expressions:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::756Patterns,Actions,andVariables::::::::::::::::::::::::967Arraysinawk::::::::
8、::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1198Functions::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::1309Internationalizationwithgawk:::::::::::::::::::::::::16010AdvancedFeaturesofgawk:::::::::::::::::::::::::::16911Runningawkandgawk::::::::::::::::::
