nef (2009) theconsumptionexplosion外语英文电子书

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1、THECONSUMPTIONEXPLOSIONThethirdUKInterdependenceReportTheUK’sglobalecologicalfootprintTheUnitedKingdomconsumesproductsfromaroundtheworldcreatingalargeecologicalfootprint.Thefootprintmeasuresnaturalresourcesbytheamountoflandarearequiredtoprovidethem.Thismapshowsflowl

2、inesforimportedresourcesthatmakeupourfootprint.ToattributeimpactsproperlytotheUKconsumer,thearearequiredtoproduceimportedgoods–astandardisedmeasureofresourceusecalled‘globalhectares’(gha)–issubtractedfromthefootprintoftheproducingcountriesandisaddedtotheUK’saccount.

3、Thismapisbasedondataforthetotalfootprintofimports,andsummedacrossproductcategories.NB:Europeasasourceofproductsisshowndisproportionatelylargebecauseadjustmentsarenotmadeforre-exportsduetothecomplicationsoftracingcertaingoods.Thismaycreateabiassuggestingthatmorerawre

4、sourcescomefromEuropeanportswheninfactitwasmerelytheirmostrecentportofcallontheirwayfromtheiroriginalsource.OurwayoflifeintheUKwouldbeunthinkablewithoutthehuman,cultural,economicandenvironmentalcontributionsmadebytherestoftheworld.Ourglobalinterdependenceisinescapab

5、le.Butitcanalsobetroubling.Theburdenintermsofresourceconsumptionthatourlifestylesexertonthefields,forests,rivers,seasandminesoftherestoftheworldisincreasing.Monthstickbytothepointwhenitbecomesmuchhardertoavertrunawayclimatechange.Inspiteoftheglobaleconomicdownturn,d

6、uringatypicalcalendaryear,theworldasawholenowstillgoesintoecologicaldebton25September.InthiscontexttheUK’spatternsofinterdependencewillhavetochangeradicallyifoureconomyistobecomeremotelysustainable.ContentsExecutivesummary2Introduction:Adeclarationofinterdependence7

7、Theconsumptionexplosion9People-dependence–humanmovementsandglobalinterdependence25TrendsinUKinterdependence40UKfoodself-sufficiency44Conclusion46Theunbearableheavinessoftrade47Appendix149Appendix250Partners52Furtherreading53Endnotes54Executivesummary‘Itdoesnotrequir

8、emorethanasimpleactofinsighttorealisethatinfinitegrowthofmaterialconsumptioninafiniteworldisanimpossibility.’1E.F.Schumacher,1973‘Icangetn