statistical methods in water resources外语英文电子书

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1、TechniquesofWater-ResourcesInvestigationsoftheUnitedStatesGeologicalSurveyBook4,HydrologicAnalysisandInterpretationChapterA3StatisticalMethodsinWaterResourcesByD.R.HelselandR.M.HirschU.S.DEPARTMENTOFTHEINTERIORGALEA.NORTON,SecretaryU.S.GEOLOGICALSURVEYCharlesG.Groat,DirectorS

2、eptember2002Theuseoffirm,trade,andbrandnamesinthisreportisforidentificationpurposesonlyanddoesnotconstituteendorsementbytheU.S.GeologicalSurvey.Publicationavailableat:http://water.usgs.gov/pubs/twri/twri4a3/TableofContentsPrefacexiChapter1SummarizingData11.1CharacteristicsofW

3、aterResourcesData21.2MeasuresofLocation31.2.1ClassicalMeasure--theMean31.2.2ResistantMeasure--theMedian51.2.3OtherMeasuresofLocation61.3MeasuresofSpread71.3.1ClassicalMeasures71.3.2ResistantMeasures81.4MeasuresofSkewness91.4.1ClassicalMeasureofSkewness91.4.2ResistantMeasureof

4、Skewness101.5OtherResistantMeasures101.6Outliers111.7Transformations121.7.1TheLadderofPowers12Chapter2GraphicalDataAnalysis172.1GraphicalAnalysisofSingleDataSets192.1.1Histograms192.1.2StemandLeafDiagrams202.1.3QuantilePlots222.1.4Boxplots242.1.5ProbabilityPlots262.2Graphical

5、ComparisonsofTwoorMoreDataSets352.2.1Histograms352.2.2DotandLinePlotsofMeans,StandardDeviations352.2.3Boxplots382.2.4ProbabilityPlots402.2.5Q-QPlots412.3ScatterplotsandEnhancements45ii2.3.1EvaluatingLinearity452.3.2EvaluatingDifferencesinLocationonaScatterplot472.3.3Evaluatin

6、gDifferencesinSpread502.4GraphsforMultivariateData512.4.1ProfilePlots512.4.2StarPlots532.4.3TrilinearDiagrams562.4.4PlotsofPrincipalComponents582.4.5OtherMultivariatePlots59Chapter3DescribingUncertainty653.1DefinitionofIntervalEstimates663.2InterpretationofIntervalEstimates67

7、3.3ConfidenceIntervalsfortheMedian703.3.1NonparametricIntervalEstimatefortheMedian703.3.2ParametricIntervalEstimatefortheMedian733.4ConfidenceIntervalsfortheMean743.4.1SymmetricConfidenceIntervalfortheMean753.4.2AsymmetricConfidenceIntervalfortheMean763.5.NonparametricPredict

8、ionIntervals763.5.1Two-SidedNonparametricPredictionInterval773.5.2On