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1、PARTIDEFININGTHEFIELDThispageintentionallyleftblank1Whystudyvernaculararchitecture?(1978)Ascoreofyearsago,therewereveryfewschoolsofarchitectureinEuropeortheUnitedStateswhereitwaspossibletostudythebuildingsoftribal,folkorpeasantcultures.Todayanumberofcol-legesincludestudiesinvernaculararchitectureint
2、hecurriculum,andsomeschoolsinAfrica,LatinAmericaandtheEastareencour-agingseriousinvestigationintothebuiltformsoftheindigenouspeoplesoftheircountries.Ifthecollegesandthearchitectswhostaffthem,haveintroducedthesubjectintothespectrumofstudiesconsideredappropriatetotheeducationofintendingarchitects,weca
3、nbejustifiedinassumingthattheyhavefirmgroundsfordoingso.Yet,asIvisitdifferentcollegesinvariouspartsoftheworldIambynomeanscertainthattheyhavegoodreasonforincludingthiswork;nordoIseemuchagreementinthewayinwhichitshouldbeapproached.WhenIjoinedthestaffoftheArchitecturalAssociationintheearly1960s,student
4、sinthefirstyearwereexpectedtomakeamodelofsomeformoftribalorfolkshelter–anEskimoiglooinsmallsectionsofpolystyreneperhaps,oraColombianlakedwellingwithitsstiltsstandingonamirror,andwithchoppedstrawtoimitateitsthatch.Nostudentsattheschoolwouldmakesuchamodeltoday,buttheymightbedeeplyinvolvedintherestorat
5、ionofacrofter’scottageintheScottishHighlands,ordocumentingthehousetypesoftheSouthernSudanthroughextensivetravelling,drawingandphotographing.Attitudestothesubjecthavechanged,butitisstillthoughtvaluabletobeinvolvedinit,eventhoughthereasonsforconsideringsuchworkimportantinarchitecturaleducationarenotex
6、pressed.Itseemstomethatitisnecessarynowtoaskthequestion:‘Whystudyvernaculararchitecture?’Thisquestioninvitesanother:‘Whatdowemeanby“VernacularArchitecture”?’Unfortunatelyitisnotaneasyquestiontoanswer;wecandomuchmorebyexamplethanbydefinition.Theetymologicalrootsoftheword‘architect’,fromtheGreekarkhi-
7、andtekton,mean‘chiefbuilder’,while‘architecture’isdefinedasthe‘scienceofbuilding’.Theword‘vernacular’derivesfromtheLatinvernaculus,meaning‘native’,sothedefinition‘nativescienceofbuilding’isBUILTTOMEET
