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1、Humanresourcesmanagementinthe20thcenturyThetheoryofscientificmanagement(1903)Frederickw.Taylor,1856-1915,Americanclassicist,theprincipalworksofsciencemanagementprinciples(1911)andscientificmanagement(1912).Thecoreofscientificmanagement:Managementshouldbescientificandstandardized;
2、Toadvocateaspiritualrevolution,theinterestsofbothsidesareinline.Theresultofscientificmanagementistoimproveproductivity,whichisthebasisforthecommonprosperityofemployeesandemployers.Asaresult,tharrobelievesthattheonlywaytoachievemaximumproductivityistousescientific,standardizedmana
3、gementinsteadoftraditionalexperiencemanagement.Scientificmanagement:Conductactionresearch,determineoperationprocedureandactionspecification,determinelabortimequota,perfectscientificoperationmethodtoimproveefficiency.Makescientificchoicesforworkers,trainworkerstousestandardoperati
4、ngmethods,andenableworkerstogrowinpositions.Developscientificprocessflowtostandardizemachines,equipment,processes,tools,materialsandworkenvironments.Implementapieceworksalary,overwork,overpay.Managementandlaborseparation.Thesuccessofthescientificmanagementtheoryapplicationcase:us
5、ingganttchartstoplancontrol,createdtheworldthefirstfordmotorflowproductionline,realizedthemechanizationofbigindustrial,greatlyimprovedthelaborproductivity,thehighefficiency,lowcost,highwagesandhighlyprofitablesituation.Second,thegilles'actionstudy(1907)Frankb.Gilbreth(1868-1924),
6、thefatherofAmericanactionstudies.Mrs.Gilberms,thefirstdoctorofpsychologyinAmericanhistory,washonoredasthe"firstladyofmanagement"intheUnitedStates.Majorworks:actionresearch(1911),managementpsychology(1917),fatigueresearch(1919),timestudy(1920).Theyusethemethodofobservation,recordi
7、ngandanalysistostudytheactiontodeterminethestandardprocessmovementandimprovetheefficiencyofproduction.Atthesametime,theyhaveproducedflowchartsandprogramdiagramsthatarestillwidelyusedtoday.Theyarguethatthroughactionresearch,theself-managementconsciousnessofworkerscanbedeveloped.Th
8、eypioneeredthestudyoffatigue,whichcontin
