为何乐观者更健康长寿一托福阅读机经背景

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1、智课网TOEFL备考资料为何乐观者更健康长寿一托福阅读机经背景Studiessuggestoptimistslivelongerandenjoybetterhealththanpessimists.Therealmysteryiswhy.Amongthefindingsofvariousstudies:Highlyoptimisticpeoplehavesignificantlylowerdeathrates.Optimisticcoronarybypasspatientsarehalfaslikelyaspessimiststorequirere-hospitalization.Peop

2、lewithpositiveemotionshavelowerbloodpressure.Themostpessimisticmenaremorethantwiceaslikelytodevelopheartdiseasecomparedwiththemostoptimistic.Butisitoptimismthatmakespeoplehealthy,ordohealthypeopleunderstandablyhaveabrighteroutlook?Togetabetterhandleonthings,scientistshaveadjustedtheiranalysesinrec

3、entyearstoaccountforpre-existingmedicalconditions.Studiesthatmadetheseadjustmentsfoundthatexistingillnessesdon'tnegatethebenefitsofoptimism,accordingtotheMay2008issueofHarvardMen’sHealthWatch.Inoneexampleofhowhumanskeeptheirspiritsupnomatterwhat,researchersfoundolderpeoplesufferingvariousillnesses

4、stillsaidtheythoughttheywereagingwell.Anotherstudyfoundthatthesickanddisableddon'twallowinmiseryasiscommonlybelieved.Optimism,anotherstudyfound,triggersactivityinthesamebrainareathatisknowntomalfunctionamongthedepressed.Butwhyisoptimismsobeneficial?Perhapsoptimistsenjoybetterhealthandlongerlivesbe

5、causetheyleadhealthierlifestyles,buildstrongersocialsupportnetworks,andgetbettermedicalcare,theHealthWatcharticlesuggested.Also,stressisknowntokill,releasinghormonesthatcausedeteriorationofeverythingfromyourgumstoyourheart.Optimistsmighthavelowerlevelsofstresshormones.Hereditycouldplayarole,too.It

6、ispossiblethatgenespredisposesomepeopletooptimism,andthatthesamegenesaffecthealthandlongevity.Morestudyisneeded,theHealthWatcharticlecontends,becauseit'slikelythatmultiplemechanismsareinvolved.多项研究表明，乐观者比悲观者更健康长寿。可其中的原因却一直是个谜。各项研究结果显示：十分乐观的人死亡率明显较低。在接受过心脏搭桥手术的病人中，乐观的病人再次入院的几率为悲观者的一半。情绪乐观的人血压相对较低。最

7、悲观的人患心脏病的几率为最乐观者的两倍多。可问题在于，究竟是乐观让人健康还是健康的人更加乐观?为了弄清这一问题，近年来科学家们调整了研究方法以解释现有疾病(对乐观情绪的影响)。据今年5月号的《哈佛男性健康观察》，经调整后的研究发现，现有的各种病症不会影响乐观情绪的积极作用。其中一项研究对人们在任何情况下如何保持乐观情绪的问题进行了探究，研究人员发现一些受多种疾病困扰的老年人仍然觉得自己过得很好。另一项研究发现，病残人士并