不同类型棉花品种对滨海盐碱地的适应性研究

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1、河北农业科学，2014，18(3):4－6，42JournalofHebeiAgriculturalSciences编辑齐俊贤不同类型棉花品种对滨海盐碱地的适应性研究*杜海英，张谦，王树林，冯国艺，祁虹，林永增(河北省农林科学院棉花研究所，农业部黄淮海半干旱区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室，河北石家庄050051)摘要:以黄河流域棉区表现较好、具有高产潜力的不同类型棉花品种〔冀杂2(早熟杂交种)、冀优01(中熟杂交种)、冀863(早熟常规种)和冀958(中熟常规种)〕为试材，在滨海盐碱地上种植进行盐碱地适应性试验，对其生育期、农艺性状和产量指标进行了分析，以筛选耐盐性强、适宜在滨海盐

2、碱地种植的品种。结果表明:从品种熟性来看，早熟品种冀863和冀杂2相对适宜在滨海地区中度盐碱地种植;杂交种冀杂2和冀优01的营养生长及生殖生长水平高于相同熟性的常规品种，且籽棉产量均高于常规种。在滨海中度盐碱雨养田适宜种植早熟棉花品种，如果管理措施到位，可选择种植具有高产潜力的早熟杂交种冀杂2。关键词:盐碱地;耐盐性;早熟品种;杂交种;产量中图分类号:S562文献标识码:A文章编号:1008-1631(2014)03-0004-03AdaptabilityofDifferentTypesofCottonCultivarsinCoastalSalineSoil*DUHai-ying，Z

3、HANGQian，WANGShu-lin，FENGGuo-yi，QIHong，LINYong-zeng(InstituteofCotton，HebeiAcademyofAgricultureandForestrySciences，KeyLaboratoryofBiologyandGeneticImprovementofCottoninHuanghuaihaiSemiaridArea，MinistryofAgriculture，P.Ｒ.China，Shijiazhuang050051，China)Abstract:Inordertoexplorethesalttoleranceands

4、electhigh-yieldingvarietyofcottonthatplantedappropriatelyinsalinesoil．Takingdifferenttypesofcottoncultivarswithsalttoleranceandhighyieldpotentialastestmaterals，whichincludingJiza2(earlymaturinghybrid)，Jiyou01(middlematuringhybrid)，Ji863(earlymaturingcommonspecies)andJi958(middlematuringcommonsp

5、ecies)．Theadaptabilityofdifferenttypesofcottoncultivarsincoastalsalinesoilwastested，andthecottondevelopmentalstage，agronomiccharactersandyieldofdifferenttypesofcottoncultivarswerestudied.TheresultsshowedthatearlymaturityvarietiesJi863andJiza2weregrownverywellinmoderatecoastalsalinesoil，thelevel

6、sofvegetativegrowthandreproductivegrowth，theseedyieldsofhybridsJiza2andJiyou01wereallhigherthanthatofconventionalvarietieswhichwiththesamematurity.Sotheearlymaturitycottonsweresuitableforplantinginmoderatecoastalsalinesoilfedbyannualrainfall，andtheearlymaturinghybridJiza2withhigh-yieldingpotent

7、ialwasthebestchoiceifthemanagementmeasuresdonewell.Keywords:Salinesoil;Salttolerance;Earlymaturityvariety;Cottonhybrids;Yield2我国是世界上盐碱地面积较大的国家之一，盐碱区面积约130万hm，包括内陆盐碱地棉田和滨海盐2［1］［2］地总面积约为3600万hm，植棉区内约有盐碱地碱地棉田。河北省滨海平原区属于典型的环渤海21700万hm