水稻产量对氮肥响应的品种间差异及其与根系形态生理的关系

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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2014,40(11):19992007http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01999水稻产量对氮肥响应的品种间差异及其与根系形态生理的关系1211111,*刘立军王康君卞金龙熊溢伟陈璐王志琴杨建昌12扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009;连云港市农业科学院,江苏连云港222000摘要:以籼稻天优

2、华占、两优培九和粳稻陵香优18、宁粳1号为材料,研究了水稻产量对氮肥的响应。结果表明,–2水稻产量对施氮量的反应存在明显的品种间差异。上述4个水稻品种在获得最高产量(10.1~10.3thm)时,天优华占–2–2和陵香优18所需施氮量为242.5~255.5kghm,明显低于两优培九和宁粳1号的327.3~328.0kghm。天优华占和陵香优18的氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力均明显高于两优培九和宁粳1号,表明天优华占和陵香优18产量对氮–2肥的反应较两优培九和宁粳1号敏感。在高产(10.5~10.9thm)条件下,天优华占和陵香优18主要生育期根系的重量、长度和总吸收表面积低于两优培九和宁粳

3、1号,而根系活跃吸收表面积及其占总吸收表面积的比例、根系伤流量以及根系活力则显著高于两优培九和宁粳1号。上述结果表明,通过栽培措施调控或选用根系活跃吸收表面积、根系伤流量和根系活力高的水稻品种将更有利于降低水稻施氮量和提高产量及氮肥利用效率。关键词:水稻品种;产量;氮肥利用效率;根系形态生理DifferencesinYieldResponsetoNitrogenFertilizeramongRiceCultivarsandTheirRelationshipwithRootMorphologyandPhysiology121111LIULi-Jun,WANGKang-Jun,BIANJin-L

4、ong,XIONGYi-Wei,CHENLu,WANGZhi-Qin,andYANG1,*Jian-Chang1JiangsuKeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandPhysiology/Co-InnovationCenterforModernProductionTechnologyofGrainCrops,Yangzhou2University,Yangzhou225009,China;LianyungangAcademyofAgriculturalSciences,Lianyungang222000,ChinaAbstract:Yieldresponsestonitr

5、ogen(N)ratesinindicaricecultivarsTianyouhuazhan,Liangyoupeijiuandjaponicariceculti-varsLingxiangyou18andNingjing1wereinvestigatedandshowedsignificantdifferencesamongthem.TheoptimalNratesin–1TianyouhuazhanandLingxiangyou18wereonly242.5–255.5kgha,significantlylowerthanthoseinLiangyoupeijiuandNing-–1–

6、1jing1(327.3–328.0kgha),whenthemaximumgrainyield(10.1–10.3tha)reached.TheagronomicuseefficiencyandpartialfactorproductivityofNfertilizerweremuchhigherinTianyouhuazhanandLingxiangyou18thaninLiangyoupeijiuandNingjing1,indicatingthattheyieldismuchmoresensitivetoNrateintheformertwocultivarsthaninthelat

7、tertworicecultivars.Under–1high-yielding(10.5–10.9tha)conditions,rootdryweight,rootlengthandtotalrootabsorbingareaatmaingrowthstageswerelower,buttherootactiveabsorbingareaanditsratiotototalrootabsorbingarea