大功率高速永磁电机柔性转子系统模态分析

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1、大功率高速永磁电机柔性转子系统模态分析杜光辉黄娜张凤阁王天煜TTTt安工业大学电子信息工程学院中车永济电机有限公司沈阳工业大学电气工程学院沈阳工程学院机械工程学院高速电机的转速高、转子细长，与常速电机相比接近临界转速的可能性人人增加,当电机额定转速接近临界转速时，电机会发生剧烈的振动，其至使转子损坏。人功率高速电机的转子长度远远大于转子直径，很难设计为刚性转子，需要穿越1阶临界转速，工作在1阶临界转速和2阶临界转速中间的安全区域，而这个安全区域的范围却很小，这对大功率高速电机转子系统的动力学设计带来了极大的困难。基于一台1.12匾、18000r/min的高速永磁电机，对转子系统的动力

2、学特性进行理论分析，对有叶轮和无叶轮状态下的转子模态和临界转速进行计算，分析轴承支承刚度、陀螺效应以及转子主要尺寸对临界转速的影响，并通过样机进行了实验验证，总结了相应的规律，为大功率高速电机挠性转子的设计提供了参考。关键词：高速电机;临界转速;柔性转子;转子模态;支承刚度;陀螺效应;ModalAnalysisoftheFlexibleRotorSystemforHigh-PowerHigh-SpeedPermanentMagnetMachineDuGuanghuiHuangNaZhangFenggeWangTianyuSchoolofElectronicsandInformatio

3、nEngineeringXi’anTechnologicalUniversity;CRRCYongjiElectricCo,Ltd;SchoolofElectricalEngineeringShenyangUniversityofTechnology;SchoolofMechanicalEngineeringShenyangInstituteofEngineering;Abstract：Forhighspeedmachine,itisfarmorevulnerablewhentheratedspeedclosetocriticalspeed.Underthiscircumstance

4、,severevibrationwilloccurandevendamagetherotor.Forhigh-powerhigh-speedmachine,therotorlengthismuchgreaterthanthediameteroftherotor.Itneedstobedesignedasaflexiblerotorsystem.Theratedspeedpassesthroughthefirst-ordercriticalspeed,workinginthesecurityzonebetweenthefirst-ordercriticalspeedandtheseco

5、nd-ordercriticalspeed.Butthescopeofthissecurityzoneisverysmall,whichbringsgreatdifficultiesindesigninghigh-powerhigh-speedmotorrotorsystem.Inthispaper,basedona1.12MW,18000r/minhigh-speedpermanentmagnet(PM)machine,thedynamiccharacteristicsofrotorsystemareanalyzedtheoretically,whiletherotormodala

6、ndcriticalspeedarealsocalculated.Andthen,theinfluencingfactorsonrotorcriticalspeedareanalyzed,includingbearingstiffness,gyroscopiceffectandtherotormaindimensions.Finally,aprototypeismanufacturedandarotorvibrationtestisdeveloped.Theexperimentalresultshavevalidatedtherotorcriticalspeedanalysis.It

7、wouldprovidethereferencetorotorsystemdesignforhigh-powerhigh-speedmachine.Keyword：Highspeedmachine;criticalspeed;flexiblerotor;rotormodal;bearingstiffness;gyroscopiceffect;0引言高速电机可与工作机或负载直接相连，哲去了传统的机械变速装置，可减小噪声和提高传动系统的效率［1-3］，近年来，