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1、FormingDiesFormingdies,oftenconsideredinthesameclasswithbendingdies,areclassifiedastoolsthatformorbendtheblankalongacurvedaxisinsteadofastraightaxis.Thereisverylittlestretchingorcompressingofthematerial.Theinternalmovementortheplasticflowofthematerialislocalizedandhaslittleornoeffectonthetotala
2、reaorthicknessofthematerial.Theoperationsclassifiedasformingarebending,drawing,embossing,curling,beading,twisting,spinning,andholeflanging.Alargepercentageofstampingsusedinthemanufacturingofproductsrequiresomeformingoperations.Somearesimpleformsthatrequiretoolsoflowcastandconventionaldesign.Oth
3、ersmayhavecomplicatedforms,whichrequirediesthatproducemultipleformsinonestrokeofthepress.Somestampingsmaybeofsuchnaturethatseveraldiesmustbeusedtoproducetheshapesandformsrequired.Afirstconsiderationinanalyzingastampingistoselecttheclassofdietoperformthework.Nexttobeconsideredisthenumberofstampi
4、ngsrequired,andthiswillgoverntheamountofmoneythatshouldbespentinthedesignandbuildingofthetools.Stampingsofsimplechannelsinlimitedproductioncanbemadeonadieclassedasasolidformdie.Itwouldbeclassifiedunderchannelformingdies.Others-theblockandpadtype-arealsochannelformingdies.Suchoperationsascurling
5、,flanging,andembossingaswellaschannelingemploypressurepads.Aformingdiemaybedesignedinmanywaysandproducethesameresults;atthispointthecostofthetool,safetyofoperation,andalsotherepairingandreworkingmustbeconsidered.Thetoolthatischeapestandofthesimplestdesignmaynotalwaysbebestbecauseitmaynotproduce
6、thestampingtothedrawingspecifications.Wherelimitedproductionisrequired,andaliberaltoleranceisallowedinastamping,asolidformdiecanbeused.DrawingDiesDrawingisaprocessofchangingaflat,precutmetalblankintoahollowvesselwithoutexcessivewrinkling,thinning,orfracturing.Thevariousformsproducedmaybecylindr
7、icalorbox-shapedwithstraightortaperedsidesoracombinationofstraight,tapered,orcurvedsides.Thesizeofthepartsmayvaryfrom0.250″(6.35mm)diameterorsmaller,toaircraftorautomotivepartslargeenoughtorequiretheuseofmechanicalhandlingequipmen
