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1、RehabilitationPsychology©2000bytheEducationalPublishingFoundationAugust2000Vol.45,No.3,260-273Forpersonaluseonly--notfordistribution.DoNeurocognitiveAbilityandPersonalityTraitsAccountforDifferentAspectsofPsychosocialOutcomeAfterTraumaticBrainInjury?DavidJ.SchretlenDepartmentofPsychiatryandBeh
2、avioralSciencesJohnsHopkinsUniversitySchoolofMedicineABSTRACTABSTRACT.Objective:Toexaminethecontributionsofdemographic,injury,cognitive,andpersonalitycharacteristicstopsychosocialoutcome8yearsaftertraumaticbraininjury(TBI).Design:Multipleregressionanalyseswereusedtoestimatethevarianceexplaine
3、dbyputative"predictors"ofpsychosocialoutcome.Participants:Thirty-nineTBIsurvivorsand39familymemberinformants.OnthebasisofGlasgowComaScalescoresandAccidentInjurySeverity(head)ratings,thepatients'braininjuriesrangedfrommildtocriticalinseverity.MainOutcomeMeasures:Oneself-reportmeasurecombinedpu
4、tativemarkersofsocialroleengagement,suchasmaritalstatusandearnedincome.Another,basedoninformantratingsusingtheKatzAdjustmentScale,wasconceptualizedasreflectingbehavioraladjustment.Results:Whereascognitivefunctioningexplainedsignificantuniquevariationinsocialroleengagement,itdidnotaccountforva
5、rianceinbehavioraladjustment.Conversely,whereas3personalitytraitratingsexplainedsignificantincrementalvarianceinbehavioralstability,only1didthesamewithrespecttosocialroleengagement.Conclusions:Socialroleengagementandbehavioraladjustmentappeartorepresent2relatedbutdistinguishableaspectsofTBIou
6、tcomethatareassociatedwithdifferentpatientcharacteristics.Manyfollow-upstudiesoftraumaticbraininjury(TBI)haveusedtheGlasgowOutcomeScale(Jennet&Bond,1975),RanchoLosAmigosScale(Hagen,1982),orDisabilityRatingScale(Rappaport,Hall,Hopkins,Belleza,&Cope,1982)toassessoutcome.Thesemeasurescombinesuch
7、disparateoutcomesasdeath,returntowork,self-care,mobility,psychiatricmorbidity,andcognitiveimpairmentintosinglemeasuresofglobaloutcome.Althoughvaluable,thesescalesdonotdifferentiateamongdimensionsofoutcome.Asaresult,theymayobscurecorrelationsb
