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1、<文献翻译：原文>PortcompetitionbetweenShanghaiandNingboKevinCullinane*y,YahuiTengzandTeng-FeiWang§.PortcompetitionbetweenShanghaiandNingbo[J].Marit.Pol.Mgmt,2005(4):331–346TheobjectiveofthispaperistoanalyzetherelativecompetitivenessoftheneighbouringcontainerportsofShanghaiandNingboi
2、nChinaandtodevelopaviewofthelikelyfutureoutcomeofthecompetitionbetweenthem.Afterassessingthedemandfortheirserviceswithinwhatishypothesizedasasharedhinterland,currentsupplyandfutureexpansionplansaredetailedandconsideredwithinthetwoports’widerdevelopmentstrategies.Therelativeco
3、mpetitivenessofthetwoportsisthenevaluatedonthebasisofpriceandqualityofservice,asembodiedwithintheconceptofgeneralizedcostasincurredbycustomers.Acriticalpoliticaldimensionisanecessaryelementofthisanalysis.Itisconcludedthatcontinuedeconomicdevelopmentinthehinterland,centralgove
4、rnmentpoliciesonregionaldevelopmentandChina’saccessiontotheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)willallcontributetogrowingdemandforportservices.However,Ningbowillcontinuetogaingreatermarketshareastheresultofadvantagesinitsnaturalendowments(particularlydepthofwater),price(especiallyinte
5、rmsofrecoveringthecostofcapacityexpansions)andqualityofserviceimprovementsthatarepredictedtoemergeastheresultofcurrentlyplannedenhancementstoinlandtransportinfrastructureandlogisticalsystems.1.IntroductionChineseportshandledaworldrecord58millionTEUin2004,anincreaseof10million
6、(20.8%)overthepreviousyear.Vastportexpansionschemesareplannedineverycoastalprovinceandmunicipalgovernmentsareinheatedcompetitionforcentralgovernmentapprovalandforeigndirectinvestment(FDI).Ascanbeseeninfigure1,therearethreemainregionswhere,ostensibly,intenseinternecinecompetit
7、ionexistsbetweenportsinmainlandChina.Thisanalysis,however,focusesonmainlandChina’scentraleasternseaboard.Insodoing,thereareonlyreallytwoportsthatmeritseriousconsideration;ShanghaiandNingbo.Injustificationofthisassertion,in2002totalcontainerthroughputforalltheportsintheregionw
8、asapproximately11,630,000TEU,withShanghaiandNingbotogetheraccounting
