明辨性思维完整版课件section 01 what is Critical Thinking.ppt

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1、CRITICALTHINKING财大龙欣critic的词源：kriticos--恰当的判断kriterion--标准Whatiscriticalthinking?Section1whatisyouranswer?think!howcaniget3litresofwaterwiththese2measuringcups?5L6Lprocessofproblemsolvingthink!readandunderstandthequestion;think,andfindapropersolution;confirmyoursolutionwiththequestion;butmost

2、importantly,justdon'tpanic!youshouldcalmdowmyourselfbeforemakinganymoveDifferentsourcesdefineitindifferentways,butbasically:ItslookingattheworldtoextracttheessentialtruthUnderstandingthecontextandconceptsbehindagiventopicorissueLookingatthebigpicture,understandinghowallthedetailsfittogetherto

3、makethebigpictureWhatdoyouthink"criticalthinking"means?levelsofthinkingLower-OrderThinkingHigher-OrderThinkingCriticalThinkingCriticalThinkingStandardsBarrierstoCriticalThinkingBenefitsofCriticalThinkingLower-OrderthinkingLower-Orderthinkingisthekindofthinkingstudentsareaskedtoperforminmiddle

4、school.--Studentsareexpectedtomemorizematerial.--Studentsarethoughttohavesuccessfullylearnedmaterialwhentheycanaccuratelyreciteitbacktotheirteachers.Higher-OrderthinkingIncollege,studentsareexpectedtoengageinhigher-orderthinking.Higher-orderthinkingentailsmorethansimplymemorizingfacts.Student

5、swhoengageinhigher-orderthinkingshouldbecomfortable:--Evaluatingtheirknowledge.--Interpretingtheirknowledge.--Questioningthecorrectnessoftheirassumptions,biases,andprejudices.criticalthinkingStudentswhoengageincriticalthinkingmustbeableto:--Identify,analyze,andevaluatearguments.--Discoverando

6、vercomebiasesandprejudices.--Makeargumentsbasedonlogical,well-supportedevidence.--Makejudgmentsbasedonreasonandevidence,notemotionorprejudice.changeourwayofTHINKING!CriticalThinkingStandards13ClarityThoughtandlanguagePrecisionThoughtandlanguageAccuracyFactsanddescriptionsCriticalThinkingStand

7、ardsRelevanceConsistencyLogicalCorrectnessCompletenessFairnessBarrierstoCriticalThinkingBiasandprejudiceEgocentrism(self-centeredthinking)Sociocentrism(group-centeredthinking)BarrierstoCriticalThinkingConformism(tendencytofollowthegroup;todos