高中英语语法——情态动词总结(附带练习)(20190412105131)

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1、...情态动词总结I情态动词的特征：1.本身有词义。2.不能独立作谓语。2.后接动词原形一起构成谓语。3.不随人称和数的变化。II情态动词各自的基本意义及用法：1.can与could用法对比点cancould1、表“能力”Canyouliftthisheavybox?Icouldn’tunderstandwhathesaidatall.2、表“许可”Youcanuseadifferentmaterialinstead.HesaidIcouldborrowhisbike.3、“怀疑”No,no,itcan’tbetrue.What

2、onearthcanthismean?Wethoughtthestorycouldnotbetrue.Howcouldyoubesocareless?1.could代替can，表示语气更为婉转。4、can与beableto区别Eg.CouldIuseyourbike?Yes,Ican2.can(能够)=beableto(仅表能力时)，但beableto表示一番努力后，才能做得到，且有更多的时态。2.may与might用法对比点maymight1．表“询问”MayI⋯?(=CanI⋯?)MightI⋯?(=CouldI⋯?)(但比

3、用may更客气)2.表“允许”Youmaytaketheboythere.Hetoldmehemightcome.(might与told相呼应)3．表“可能”“或许”Shemaynorlikethisplace.I’mafraidhemightnotlikethisplay.肯定：Yes,youmay.注：1.MayI⋯?的答语。2.may可表示期望或祝愿Mayyousucceed!3.may(might)用于目的状语从句。否定：No,youmustn’t不行（语气强硬）No,youmaynot或No,you’dbetterno

4、t.Theemperorgavethemsomegoldinorderthattheymightbegintheirworkatonce.3.must与haveto用法对比点musthaveto（主观看法）必须；没有过去式，1.表“必须”可用于间接引语中。HetoldmeImustdoaccordingto（客观需要）不得不，有多种时态。It’srainingheavily,wecan’tgonow.whathesaid.2.疑问句MustI⋯?Yes,youmust.（一定）No,youneedn’t./youdon’thav

5、eto.Doyouhavetogotoday?Yes,wedo.1......(不必)Youdon’thavetoworryaboutthat.1.need与dare用法对比点needdare2.情态v.+动词Heneednot(needn’t)go.原形---Needwedoitagain?1）否定式---No,youneedn’tdoitagain.2）疑问式Hedarenotsayso.Dareshegooutaloneatnight?HowdareyousayI’munfair?Ifhedaredothat,he’llb

6、epunished.Idaresay.(固定用法)3.实义v.+toHeneedstogo.Hedarestosay.do1）肯定式Hedoesn’t(doesnot)needtogo.Hedoesnot(doesn’t)daretosay.2）否定式Doesheneedtodoitagain?Ifyoudaretojumpintothewaterfrom3）疑问式No,hedoesn’tneedotdoitagain.here,sodareI.4.didnotneedtodo表示过去没必要做Shedidn’tneedtoatt

7、endthemeetingyesterday,andshestayedwithherchildren.(她没有参加)1.should与oughtto用法对比点shouldoughtto表劝告、建议“有责任有必要”做某事1、表“应该”Youshouldlistentothedoctor’sadvice.Yououghttofinishyourworkbeforeyougohome.WeshouldlearnfromZhangHua.Weoughttohelpeachother.“非常可能”的事，可译为“总应该”2、表“估计”The

8、yshouldgethomebynow.Ifwestarttoworkrightnow,weoughttofinishitbeforelunch.1）should还可在虚拟语气中的使用注：2)注意：oughtto的疑问式及否定式---Oughthetogo?--