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ID:16284139
大小:1.14 MB
页数:45页
时间:2018-08-08
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1、BackgroundGuideGAGeneralAssemblyTopic:A.SecurityCouncilReformB.GlobalIlliteracy背景文件BackgroundGuide福州市校际模拟联合国大会FuzhouInterscholasticModelUnitedNationsConferenceSupportedbyFuzhouNo.1MiddleSchoolPage45BackgroundGuideGAContents—SecurityCouncilReformSecurityCouncilBackgroun
2、d3CallingforSecurityCouncilReform4Reforms5PastInternationalActions17OverallPositionsofcountriesandblocs21—GlobalIlliteracyToallthedelegatesintheGeneralAssembly26GeneralAssembly28Backgroundoftheissues31BlocsPositions36Questionstoconsider44Reference45Page45BackgroundGuid
3、eGASecurityCouncilBackgroundTheSecurityCouncilhasprimaryresponsibility,undertheCharterforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Itissoorganizedastobeabletofunctioncontinuously,andarepresentativeofeachofitsmembersmustbepresentatalltimesatUnitedNationsHeadquarters
4、.On31stJanuary1992,thefirsteverSummitMeetingoftheCouncilwasconvenedatHeadquarters,attendedbyHeadsofStateandGovernmentof13ofits15membersandbytheMinistersforForeignAffairsoftheremainingtwo.TheCouncilmaymeetelsewherethanatHeadquarters;in1972,itheldasessioninAddisAbaba,Eth
5、iopia,andthefollowingyearinPanamaCity,Panama.Whenacomplaintconcerningathreattopeaceisbroughtbeforeit,theCouncil'sfirstactionisusuallytorecommendtothepartiestotrytoreachanagreementbypeacefulmeans.Insomecases,theCouncilitselfundertakesinvestigationandmediation.Itmayappoi
6、ntspecialrepresentativesorrequesttheSecretary-Generaltodosoortousehisgoodoffices.Itmaysetforthprinciplesforapeacefulsettlement.Whenadisputeleadstofight,theCouncil'sfirstconcernistobringittoanendassoonaspossible.Onmanyoccasions,theCouncilhasissuedcease-firedirectiveswhi
7、chhavebeeninstrumentalinpreventingwiderhostilities.ItalsosendsUnitedNationspeace-keepingforcestohelpreducetensionsintroubledareas,keepopposingforcesapartandcreateconditionsofcalminwhichpeacefulsettlementsmaybesought.TheCouncilmaydecideonenforcementmeasures,economicsanc
8、tions(suchastradeembargoes)orcollectivemilitaryactions.IfaMemberStateisagainstanypreventiveorenforcementactionswhichh
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