双语医学课件2-消化系统the digestive system

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1、TheDigestiveSystemTheDigestiveSystemGastrointestinaltract胃肠道Accessoryorgans辅助器官(Para.1)TheorganizationofthegastrointestinaltractWhatarethefourlayers?(Concentriclayers)SublayersIntrinsicnerves(内神经)Thegastrointestinaltract胃肠道Thesubmucosalplexus(Meissnerplexus)黏膜下层神经丛（

2、即迈斯纳神经丛）Themyentericplexus(Auerbachplexus)肠肌神经丛（即奥尔巴赫神经丛)Thesubserosalplexus浆膜下神经网丛Whatarethethreenerveplexuses?唾液saliva味蕾tastebuds嗅神经olfactorynerves胃液的分泌thesecretionofgastricjuice恒牙permanentteeth咀嚼mastication食管esophagus蠕动peristalsis外层纵向肌outerlongitudinallayersofmus

3、cles内层环形肌innercircularlayersofmusclesMouthandEsophagus口腔和食道1.Threepairsofsalivaryglands1literofsalivaperdaysalivation唾液分泌1.Threepairsofsalivaryglands1literofsalivaperday2.Autonomicnervoussystem(自主神经系统)controlssalivation.(sympatheticandparasympathetic)(Butnotregulate

4、dbyhormones)salivation唾液分泌食糜chyme十二指肠duodenumThestomach’smajoranatomicboundaries:食管括约肌贲门胃大弯和胃小弯幽门括约肌十二指肠Whatarethefunctionalareasofthestomach?fundus,body,antrumStomach胃胃壁stomachwall斜肌层alayerofobliquemuscle中环层和外纵层在胃底最薄Thecircularandlongitudinallayersofmusclearethinne

5、stinthefundus.胃体和胃窦逐渐变厚Thelayersbecomeprogressivelythickerinthebodyandantrum.胃粘膜themucosaofthestomachStomach胃1.血液通过腹腔一支动脉输入胃中Bloodissuppliedtothestomachbyabranchoftheceliacartery.2.主动脉沿胃大弯和胃小弯分布Majorarteriesliealongthegreaterandlessercurvatures.3.分叉深入浆膜和肌层branchandp

6、enetratetheserosaandmusclelayers4.形成丰富的侧支循环formarichcollateralcirculationStomach胃CardiovascularSystem:MajorVessels1.renalartery肾动脉2.vertebralartery脊椎动脉3.subclavianartery锁骨下动脉4.aorta主动脉5.coronaryartery冠状动脉6.celiacartery腹腔动脉7.superiormesentericartery肠系膜上动脉8.lumbarart

7、ery腰动脉9.inferiormesentericartery肠系膜下动脉10.gonadalartery生殖腺动脉renalartery肾动脉vertebralartery脊椎动脉3.subclavianartery锁骨下动脉4.aorta主动脉5.coronaryartery冠状动脉6.celiacartery腹腔动脉7.superiormesentericartery肠系膜上动8.lumbarartery腰动脉9.inferiormesentericartery肠系膜下动10.gonadalartery生殖腺动脉Ari

8、chcirculationstomachliverGastricVeinSplenicVein静止状态下没有壁张力Inrestingstate,nowalltension.吞咽动作致使底部松弛Swallowingcausesthefundustorelax.食物存储在垂直层或