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1、You’vegottogetmeoutofhere!Mountaineer'sEssentials1)ATLEASTONECOMPLETECHANGEOFCLOTHINGincludingextraforsuchcontingenciesasrain&coldweather.2)EXTRAFOOD.Includeextrarationsinyourminimum.Thisisyourinsurancepolicyincasesomethinggoesreallywrong.3)SUNGLASSES.Eve
2、rytimeyousetoutforastrangeareait'sgoodtohaveapairalong. Ifyouareplanningondesert,alpineorwintercamping,it'sarareoccasionthatyouwillnotneedthem.EvenEskimosworryaboutsnowblindness.4)AKNIFE.Asubstantialpocket-knifeistheorderoftheday.NoneedforBowieknifeandthe
3、bigsheathknifeforthosewhoareouttotacklebearswithbarehands.AgoodSwissarmyknifeisexcellentoraBuckforbiggerjob.background5)FIRESTARTERS;jelly,ribbon,tabletsorimpregnatedpeatbricks.Thereareemergencieswhereafireisbothnecessaryanddifficulttostart.EverykitMUSTin
4、cludeasupplyofstartersofonekindoranother.6)EMERGENCYMATCHES.Firestartersalonedon'tafiremake.Youneedmatches.Longwoodenonesarebest&soakedinwaxtomakethemweatherproofandkeeptheminawaterproofcontainer.7)AFIRSTAIDKIT.Seetheproperchapteronhowtobuildone.8)AFLASHL
5、IGHT.Everyoneshouldcarryhisownandaddextrabatteries&bulbsjustincase.background9)MAPS.Youshouldhaveamapwhengoingtoallbutthemostfamiliarplaces.It'snotonlyasafetyfactorbutcanaddalotofenjoymenttoyourtrip,helpingyoutofindthebestspotsandsights.10)AGOODQUALITYCOM
6、PASSeventwomighthelpincasethefirstonegoesberserk.11)ASPACEBLANKET.Itdidnotexistinthefirstwritingupofthislist.Todayit'saninvaluablesafetyprecaution.Weighingonly2ouncesitopensuptoafull56"X84". Itreflectsupto90%ofasleeper'sbodyheatwhileatthesametimekeepingou
7、train,rainandsnow. NottobeusedascampingblanketbutESSENTIALasemergencygearforallkindsofuseincludingsignalizationbackgroundWhatisHighAltitude?AltitudeisdefinedonthefollowingscaleHigh(8,000-12,000feet[2,438-3,658meters]),VeryHigh(12,000-18,000feet[3,658-5,48
8、7meters]),andExtremelyHigh(18,000+feet[5,500+meters]).backgroundWhatCausesAltitudeIllnesses?Atsealevel:Theconcentrationofoxygen:about21%thebarometricpressure:averages760mmHg.Asaltitudeincreases,theconcentrationremai
