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1、summinguptheplot.Athemeisusuallystatedingeneralwords.Anothertrysoundslikethis:“Solitarypeopleneedaorderlyplacewheretheycandrinkwithdignity.”Thatisalittlebetter.WehaveindicatedthatHemingway’sstoryismorethanmerelyaboutanoldmanandtwowaiters.Werememberthatattheendthestoryisentirelyconfinedtotheol
2、derwaiter’sthoughtsandperceptions.Howdoweunderstandhismediationon“nada,”nothingness,whichbearssomuchemphasis?Nogoodstatementofthethemeofthestorycanleaveitout.Thenwehavestillanothertry:“Solitarypeopleneedaplaceofrefugefromtheirterribleawarenessthattheirlife(orperhaps,humanlife)isessentiallymea
3、ningless.”Neitherthisnoranyotherstatementofthestory’sthemeisunarguablyappropriate,butthestatementatleasttouchesoneprimaryideathatHemingwayseemstobedrivingat.Afterweread“AClean,Well-LightedPlace,”wefeelthatthereissuchatheme,aunifyingvision,eventhoughwecannotreduceittoatagandwemaystillvaryinour
4、opinionabout,andstatementof,thetheme. Moralinferencesdrawnfrommoststories: Moralinferencesmaybedrawnfrommoststories,nodoubt,evenwhenanauthordoesnotintendhis/herstorytobereadthisway.In“AClean,Well-LightedPlace”,wefeelthatHemingwayisindirectlygivingusadviceforproperlyregardingandsympathizingthe
5、lonely,theuncertain,andtheold.Butobviouslythestorydoesnotsetforthalessonthatwearesupposedtoputintopractice.Wecansayforsurethat“AClean,Well-LightedPlace”containsseveralthemesandotherstatementscouldbemadetotakeinHemingway’sviewoflove,ofcommunicationbetweenpeople,ofdignity.Greatstories,likegreat
6、symphonies,frequentlyhavemorethanonetheme. WhenwesaythatthetitleofPrideandPrejudiceconveysthethemeofthenovelorthatUncleTom’sCabinandTheGrapesofWrathtreatthethemesofslaveryandmigratorylaborrespectively,thisistousethemeinalargerandmoreabstractsensethanitisinourdiscussionofHemingway’s“AClean,Wel
7、l-LightedPlace.”InthislargersenseitisrelativelyeasytosaythatMarkTwain’sHuckleberryFinn,Updike’sA&P,andFaulkner’sBarnBurningconcernthethemeof“initiationintomaturity.”Suchgeneraldescriptionsofthemecanbeuseful,especiallyifwewanttosortalargenumbe