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1、TheSunYant-SenMemorialHallSunYat-senwastheforerunneroftheChinesebourgeoisdemocraticrevolution.HewasbornonNovember12,1886inafarmer’sfamilyintheCuihengVillageinXiangshanCountyinGuangdongProvince.Attheageof12,hewenttoHonolulu,wherehiselderbrothersenthimtoamissionaryschool.Later,
2、hecamebacktoHongkongtosudyinacollegeofWesternmedicineand,aftergraduation,practicedmedicineinGuangzhouandMacao.So,eversincehewasachild,hehadbeeninfluencedbytheWesternideasofChristianityanddemocracyandthishadhelpedhimmakeuphismindtocuretheillsoftheoldfeudalChinaandturnitintoade
3、mocraticandstrongnation.Atfirst,hehadillusionsabouttheQinggovernmentandhopedtosavethismoribundregimethroughreforms.But,China’sdefeatsbyforeigninvadersandthecorruptionandincompetenceoftheQinggovernmentintensifiedhispatrioticindignation.HedecidedthattheQingcourtwasrottentotheco
4、reandmustbeoverthrownandreplacedbyademocraticrepublic.So,in1894,togetherwithsometwentyChineseshop-keepersandfarm-ownersinHonolulu,heestablishedthefirstChinesebourgeoisrevolutionaryorganization—theSocietyfortheRevivalofChina.Inthefollowingspring,hereturnedtoHongkongandstagedth
5、efirstarmeduprisingagainstthQingDynastyinGuangzhou;butitendedinfailure.Then,in1905,hewenttoJapan,wherehefoundedChina’sfirstpoliticalpartycalled“ChinaRevolutionaryLeague”,whichlaterdevelopedintotheNationalistParty.SincethenhehadmadesuccessiveattemptstotoppletheQingregimeandfin
6、allysucceededintheWuchangUprisingthatbrokeoutinOctober1911.TheQingregimewasoverthrownandhewaselectedtheprovisionalpresidentoftheinterimgovernmentoftheRepublicofChinainNanjing.Thispoliticalpower,however,wassoontakenoverbythewarlords.Thenin1920,SunYat-sencamebacktoGuangzhoutose
7、tupanewgovernmentcalledtheSouthRevolutionaryGvernment.In1921,heproclaimedhisextraordinarypresidencyinGuangzhou.In1925,hediedofillnessinBeijingandwasburiedlaterinNanjing.SunYat-senhaddevotedallhislifetothecauseoftheChinesedemocraticrevolution,andthe1911revolutionheledhadputane
8、ndtothefeudalmonarchythathadexistedinChinaforseveralthousandofyears.
