绪论 Arabidopsis genome

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1、articlesAnalysisofthegenomesequenceofthe¯oweringplantArabidopsisthalianaTheArabidopsisGenomeInitiative**Authorshipofthispapershouldbecitedas`TheArabidopsisGenomeIniative'.Afulllistofcontributorsappearsattheendofthispaper.......................................................................

2、.....................................................................................................................................................................................................The¯oweringplantArabidopsisthalianaisanimportantmodelsystemforidentifyinggenesanddeterminingth

3、eirfunctions.HerewereporttheanalysisofthegenomicsequenceofArabidopsis.Thesequencedregionscover115.4megabasesofthe125-megabasegenomeandextendintocentromericregions.TheevolutionofArabidopsisinvolvedawhole-genomeduplication,followedbysubsequentgenelossandextensivelocalgeneduplications,givingri

4、setoadynamicgenomeenrichedbylateralgenetransferfromacyanobacterial-likeancestoroftheplastid.Thegenomecontains25,498genesencodingproteinsfrom11,000families,similartothefunctionaldiversityofDrosophilaandCaenorhabditiselegansÐtheothersequencedmulticellulareukaryotes.Arabidopsishasmanyfamilieso

5、fnewproteinsbutalsolacksseveralcommonproteinfamilies,indicatingthatthesetsofcommonproteinshaveundergonedifferentialexpansionandcontractioninthethreemulticellulareukaryotes.Thisisthe®rstcompletegenomesequenceofaplantandprovidesthefoundationsformorecomprehensivecomparisonofconservedprocessesi

6、nalleukaryotes,identifyingawiderangeofplant-speci®cgenefunctionsandestablishingrapidsystematicwaystoidentifygenesforcropimprovement.Theplantandanimalkingdomsevolvedindependentlyfrombiologists,butwillalsoaffectagriculturalscience,evolutionaryunicellulareukaryotesandrepresenthighlycontrasting

7、lifeforms.biology,bioinformatics,combinatorialchemistry,functionaland12ThegenomesequencesofC.elegansandDrosophilarevealthatcomparativegenomics,andmolecularmedicine.metazoansshareagreatdealofgeneticinformationrequiredfordevelopmentalandphysiologicalproces