并列结构和从属结构

《并列结构和从属结构》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Coordination﹠SubordinationCoordinateconstruction两个或两以上意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同、并由并列连词（coordinator)或其他并列手段连接起来的语法结构序列叫做“并列结构”。它可以是词和词goodbutexpensive词组和词组ateacherandastudent分句和分句Thechildrencangowithusortheycanstayathome.并列连词和标点符号两个以上项目的并列通常只在最后一个项目前用并列连词，其他项目之间用逗

2、号连接。E.g.Atadiplomafactorymillsthroughoutthestates,youcanbuyabachelor’sdegreeforabout$1500,amaster’sdegreefor$1600,oradoctor’sdegreefor$1700.各并列项目间全用连词，在修辞色彩上给人悠闲、缓慢、延续持久的感觉。相反，全用逗号，就给人紧张、急促、明快、利落的感觉。E.g.Inthecountrytherearenohonkinghorns(汽车喇叭）,nodieseltruck

3、s（柴油卡车）,nopollution----justthesoundsofwindrustlingthetreeleavesandredsquirrelschatteringinthedistantoaksandcoolcreekwaterrushingdownitsendlesscourse.除逗号，分号和冒号也能起并列连接作用分号——对比e.g.Golfdemandsthebestoftimeandspace;tennis,thebestofpersonalenergy.冒号——下文对上文的解释和发挥S

4、ubordinateconstructionWhatissubordination?从属Vs并列e.g.Therainstopped,andthesuncameout.Whentherainstopped,thesuncameout.FinitesubordinateclauseWhatisfinitesubordinateclause?名词性从句形容词性从句副词性从句名词性分句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses）。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、

5、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。What’sthefunctionoftheunderlinedpart?Canyoutelluswhoisresponsibleforthefire?Myoriginalquestion,whyhediditall,hasnotbeenanswered.Itisquiteclearthatthecrimewasdonedeliberately.Themysteryiswhetherheever

6、wentthereatall.Youmustgiveitbacktowhoeveritbelongsto.形容词性分句=关系分句=定语从句副词性分句（状语分句）AdverbialclauseoftimeAdverbialclauseofplaceAdverbialclauseofmannerAdverbialclauseofcauseAdverbialclauseofresultAdverbialclauseofpurposeAdverbialclauseofconditionAdverbialclauseo

7、fconcessionNon-finiteclauseWhatisinfinitiveclause？不带主语e.g.Helikestobeinvited.带主语e.g.Heopenedthedoorforthechildrentocomein.带疑问词e.g.Idon’tknowwhattodo.ThefunctionofinfinitiveclauseWhichpartistheinfinitiveclauseandwhat’sthefunctionoftheinfinitiveclauseinthefol

8、lowingsentences?ToacceptthejobwouldmeanmovingtoFlorida.Hewillgototheclinictomorrowtobeexaminedbythedoctor.Hepromisedtostoptakingdrugs.Hehurriedhomeonlytofindthathisfatherwasdead.Iamdelightedtoknowthaty