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第八讲合同相关条款包装、运输、保险、索赔 Packing1.shippingmarks2.usefulexpressions 1.Specialdirectionsorwarnings,specialinstructionsregardingmannerofhandling,loading,liftingetc.Andvariouswarningaretobestenciledonthepackagesforthebenefitofboththeconsigneeandthecarrier.AllthesearecalledCaremarksorCautionmarkssuchas:Top(此为顶部)Usenohooks(禁用钩子)Thissideup（此端向上）Tobekeptcold(低温存放)Fragile（易碎物品）Donotdrop(小心轻放)Glasswithcare(玻璃---小心)Hazardous/Dangerous(危险---小心)Acid-withcare(酸性—小心)Poisonous有毒Keepflat平放Handlewithcare(小心搬运)Keepdry(保持干燥)Explosive爆炸品Don‘tturnover（不可翻倒）Keepoutofsun（不可日晒）Inflammable(易燃物品)Keepdry 图示 PackingclausesinContractEachpieceinapolybay,onedozeninapaperbox,12dozeninanexportcarton.每件装一塑料袋，每打装一纸箱，每12打装入一出口用硬纸板箱。Packedingunnybagof60kgeach.用粗麻袋包装，每袋60公斤。C.Packedincartons,eachcontaining12pieceswrappedinpolybag.用硬纸板箱包装，每箱装12件，均用塑料袋包裹好。D.Accordingtoseller'susualexportpacking.E.Tobepackedinnewsinglesoundgunnybagsof60kgneteach,eachbagtoweigh0.825kgwithanallowanceof0.05kgmoreorless(Rice).用新的完好的麻袋单独包装，每袋净重60公斤。每个麻袋皮重0.825公斤，容许0.05公斤出入。Usefulexpressions 2.Usefulsentences---ForpackingThisproductmustbepackedintin-linedwaterproofwoodencases,eachpiecewrappedinoilcloth,20piecespackedinonecase.产品需以有马口铁衬里的防水的木箱包装，每件用油纸裹好，20件为一箱。B.Pleasepackthegoodsinwater-proofcartons,eachcontaining30dozen.请把货物装在防水纸板箱内，每箱30打。C.Sweatersarewrappedinpolybagsandpackedinstandardexportcardboardcartons.毛线衣用塑料袋装好，再装进标准出口纸箱。D.Inordertoreducedamageintransittoaminimum,wehavetoinsistonpackingofthegoodsinwoodencases.为了使损坏率在运输过程中减少到最低限度，我方坚持用木箱包装。 F.Wehopeyouwillarrangepackinginthesamewayasshippedpreviously.希望贵方能按照上次装船的做法安排货物包装。G.Thequalityofpackingwhichyouofferedisnotinaccordancewithourstandards,pleaseinformusofyouradditionalmeansofpacking.你方所提供包装之质量不符合我们的标准，请告知你方包装的其他办法。H.Eachpiecemustbewrappedupinpaperandpackedinazinc-linedcase.每件货物必须用纸包好，并装入有镀锌板衬里的箱内。Asteasetsarefragilegoods,theyshouldbewrappedinsoftmaterialandfirmlypackedincardboardcartonswithragsorwoodensheets.茶具是易碎品，应该用软材料包裹好，再用有木片或碎布垫的纸板箱紧密包装。 FormarkingA.Thepackageisstenciledasinstructed.按照指示包装用模版刷出。B.Wewillbesuretomarkandnumberthepackageinstrictaccordancewithyourinstructions.我们保证严格按照你方指示标出包装标记及号码。C.Weattachalistofmarksandnumbersforthevariouspackages.Pleasegivegreatcaretoclearandcorrectmarking.我们附上不同包装的标记及号码之清单一份，请认真注意清晰和正确的标记。D.Kindlystencilourshippingmarksinletters4incheshigh,andgivegrossandnetweightoneachbox.请用模版以4英寸高之字母刷出我方装船标记及每箱之毛重和净重。 包装种类（1）运输包装(TransportPacking)又称大包装、外包装。（2）销售包装（SellingPacking）又称小包装、内包装或直接包装。（3）中性包装（NeutralPacking）在出口货物的内外包装上不显示生产国别的一种包装，国际贸易的一种习惯做法。 ShippingMarks又称唛头。例如：ABCCO收货人名称SC9750合同号码LONDON目的港No.1—20件号（顺序号和总件数） Originally,thetermofshipmentis“theloadingofgoodsonaship”or“deliveryofthegoodstoanoceancarrier”.However,inactualtradingpracticetoday,itiscommonlyknownasthesameas“delivery”.Becausetheeffectuationofshipmentbythesellerisforthedeliveryofgoodsandmostoftheexportsandimportsarestilltransportedbyseainmoderntimes.Shipment1.Definition 2.TermsofShipmentTimeofshipment(交货期)A.Immediateshipment；alsopromptshipment,shipmentassoonaspossible(即期装运)B.Shipmentduringacertainperiodoftime（在某限期内装运）e.g.ShipmentduringthefirstpartofMay（5月上旬装运）ShipmentduringApril（4月内装运）ShipmentduringMay/June（5、6月内装运）C.Shipmentonorbeforeacertaindate（某日期前装运）e.g.Shipmentabout/aroundJune15（在6月15日前装运） 2).Partialshipment（分批装运）Clausesforpartialshipmentareasfollows:Partialshipmentsallowed/permittedPartialshipmentsnotallowed/permittedShipmentduringAugust/Septemberin3lotsD.Shipmenttobespreadover6months,beginningfromMarch 3）Transshipment（转船）ClausesinacontractandinanL/Crelatingtotransshipment:A.Transshipmentallowed/permitted.B.Transshipmentsnotallowed/permitted(prohibited)）C.TransshipmentisallowedatSingaporeonly. SampleDearSirsThisistoconfirmourfaxofOctober3informingthat12casesofMotorcyclePartscoveringyourOrderNo.334ofAugust30aretobeshippedbyM.S.Wuyi(M.S=MotorShip),whichistosailfromHongKongtoJakartaonOctober5.Wearepleasedtoencloseherewiththefollowingrelevantshippingdocuments.1.Commercialinvoice:2copies2.BillsofLading:3copies3.Certificateofquantity:1copy4.Insurancepolicy:1copy WehavedrawnadraftatsightforUS$16,000tocovertheshipment,andnegotiateditthroughBankofChinaGuangzhoubranch,underyourL/CNo.3104issuedbytheBankofIndonesia.Thankyouforyourpatronage.Webelievethatthegoodswillreachyouinperfectconditionandthatwemaybefavoredwith（supportedorlikedby)acontinuanceofyourorder.Yoursfaithfully 1)Urgingshipment.(1)Wewishtopointoutthatifyoufailtoeffectshipmentwithinthetimespecified,weshallnotbeabletofulfillourcontractwithourclients.(2)Wehopethatyouwillmakeallnecessaryarrangementstodeliverthegoodsintime.(3)Wewouldaskyoutotryyourutmosttoeffectshipmentinaccordancewiththeoriginalschedule.(4)Incaseyoushouldfailtoeffectdeliverywithinthestipulatedtime,wewillhavetolodgeaclaimagainstyouforthelossandreservetherighttocancelthecontract.UsefulExpressions ChinaInsuranceClauses(C.I.C)中国保险条款InstituteCargoClauses(I.C.C)协会货物保险条款Insurance1.TheapplicationofInsuranceClauses 2.TherisksandclausesinC.I.C.1)Theessentialrisks基本险2)Additionalrisks附加险(1)一般附加险(11)(2)特别附加险(3)特殊附加险 1)Theessentialrisks（基本险）A.FreefromParticularaverage(F.P.A.)平安险B.WithaverageorWithParticularAverage(W.A.orW.P.A)水渍险C.AllRisks(A.R.)一切险 (1)一般附加险(11)A.Theft,PilferageandNon-Delivery(T.P.N.D.)偷窃、提货不着险B.FreshWaterand/orRainDamage(F.W.R.D.)淡水雨淋险C.RiskofShortage短量险D.RiskofIntermixtureandContamination混杂、玷污险E.RiskofLeakage渗漏险F.RiskofClashandBreakage碰损、破碎险G.RiskofOdor串味险H.HookDamageRisk钩损险I.DamageCausedbySweatingandHeating受潮受热险J.BreakageofPacking包装破裂险K.RiskofRust锈损险 (2)特别附加险AFailuretoDelivery交货不到险BImportDutyRisk进口关税险COnDeckRisk舱面险DRejectionRisk拒收险EAflatoxin黄曲霉素险FFireRiskExtensionClauseforStorageofCargoatDestinationHongKong,IncludingKowloon,orMacao出口到香港（包括九龙在内）或澳门存仓火险扩展条款(3)特殊附加险A.WarRisk战争险B.StrikesRisk罢工险 3.TherisksandclausesinI.C.C(1)协会货物条款（A）InstituteCargoClauseAI.C.C.(A)(2)协会货物条款（B）InstituteCargoClauseBI.C.C.(B)(3)协会货物条款（C）InstituteCargoClauseCI.C.C.(C)(4)协会战争险条款（货物）InstituteWarClause--Cargo(5)协会罢工险条款（货物）InstituteStrikesClause--Cargo(6)恶意损害险条款MaliciousDamageClause Sample1DearSirs,Re:YourorderNo.1234WehavereceivedyourletterofJanuary23,askingustoinsurethecaptionedorderforanamountof30%oftheinvoicevalue.Althoughitisourusualpracticetoinsureshipmentsfortheinvoicevalueplus10%,wearepreparedtocomplywithyourrequestforgettingcoverfor130%oftheinvoicevalue.Buttheextrapremiumwillbeforyouraccount.Pleasetakenoteoftheabove.Yoursfaithfully Sample2DearSirs,Weshallhaveaconsignmentoftaperecorders,valuedatUS$6000CIFNewYork,tobeshippedfromTaiwanbyavesselofABCo.,Ltd.WewishtocovertheconsignmentagainstallrisksfromourWarehouseattheaboveaddresstotheportofNewYork.Willyoupleasequoteyourrateforthecover?Yoursfaithfully 1)InsuranceClaim2)TransportationClaim3)TradeClaimComplaints,Disputes&Claims1.IssuesinTrade 2.Causesoftradeissues(1)Notfulfillingthecontract(2)Delayindelivery(3)Thespecificationsofgoodsarenotincompliancewiththecontract(4)Commissionnotyetpaid(5)Shortageofgoods(6)Nocontractismade(7)Samplenotyetsent(8)Illpacking (1)ThesellerisheldresponsibleforthefollowingclaimsANon-deliveryorpart-deliveryBDelayindelivery/shipmentCInferiororwrongqualityDWrongquantityEInsufficientpackingFFailureinenteringintocontractGNon-fulfillmentofcontractHDiscrepanciesinspecification3.Causesforclaim (2)Thebuyerisheldresponsibleforthefollowing:ARefusetoopenanL/CBDelayinopeningL/CCDelayinpaymentDCommissionunpaidEFailureinenteringintocontractNon-fulfillmentofcontract (3)Thecarrierisheldresponsibleforthefollowing:AShortageofgoodsBShort-landedCGoodsmissingDRoughhandlingOthers (4)Theinsurerisheldresponsibleforthefollowing:1)Goodssufferlossesordamagesintransitbecauseoftherisksinsuredagainst.2)Otherreasonsstipulatedinthepolicyaccordingtowhich,theinsuredisentitledtoaskforcompensation. Sample1DearSirsRe:OurOrderNo.319Video-RecordersThisistoinformyouthatwehavereceived12casesofvideo-recordersshippedbyM.V.“EastWind"forourOrderNo.319,butfoundthatcasesNo.5,No.6,No.11&No.12werebadlydamaged.Weareoftheopinionthat（都认为）thecasesweretoofragileandthepackingwasnotsufficientforexport.EnclosedisaSurveyReportshowingdamagetobetheresultoffaultypacking.Weaskyou,therefore,tosendusachequeforUS$100.00coveringthelosswepaidfortheSurveyReport.UponreceivingthenewVideo-Recorders,wewillreturnthedamagedones.Yourpromptattentionisurgentlyrequested.Yoursfaithfully, Gentlemen,ThankyouforyourletterofJune23concerningthe12casesofvideo-recorderscoveringyourOrderNo.319.Afteracarefulinvestigation,wecouldnotfindanyerroronourpartbecausewetookeveryefforttofulfillyourorderasshownintheenclosedcertificateofpackinginspection.MoreoverthelotswereonboardtheshipinperfectconditionwhichwasclearlystatedinthecleanB/L.Wesuggest,therefore,thatyoulodgeaclaimwiththeinsurancecompany.Wewillassistyouwhereverpossibletoprocesstheclaim.Thoughitisquitebeyondourcontrol,weareverysorryfortheinconvenienceyouhavesuffered.Weassureyouthatwewillmakeeveryattempttopreventsucharecurrenceinthefuture.Yourstruly,Sample2 1.MakingComplaintsandReplies:1)Wehavereceivedanumberofcomplaintsfromseveralofourcustomersconcerningthe…suppliedbyyou.2)Wearesorrytoreport(inform)youthat....3)Weofferoursincereapologiesfortheerrorinourinvoice(statement,shipment,consignment).4)Wehopeyouwillbesatisfiedwiththearrangementswehavenowmadeandapologizefortheinconvenienceyouhavesuffered.5)Weapologizeoncemorefortheunfortunatemistakeandhavetakenstepstopreventarepetition.Usefulexpressions 2.Lodgingclaimsandacceptance:1）OnthebasisofClause18oftheContract,weherebyraiseourclaimsasfollows.2）WehavetofileaclaimagainstyoutotheamountofUS$...plusinspectionfee,wehopeyouwillsettlethisclaimassoonaspossible.3）Wethankyouforyourletterdated...,andareenclosingourcreditnotefor￡...insettlementofyourclaimoftheaboveshipment.4）Wehavecreditedtoyouraccount（计入你的账户）....tocoverboththevalueofthegoodsshortdeliveredandyourinspectionfee. EXAMPLEforCreditnote（付款/贷记通知）:YOURCOMAPNYHEADING TO:COMPANY(THEPAYER) DATE:......... CREDITNO.:000000 CREDITNOTEDEARSIRES, WEHEARBYCREDITYOURACCOUNTWITHTHEFOLLOWINGAMOUNT:ITEM UNITPRICE TOTALAMOUNT SINCERELYYOURS, XXX 3.Rejectionofclaims:1)Itwouldnotbefairifthelossbetotallyimposedonusastheliabilityrestswithbothparties.Wearereadytopay50%ofthelossonly.2)Wehaveshippingdocumentstoprovethatthegoodswerereceivedbythecarrierinperfectcondition,therefore,theymusthavebeendamagedinroute.3)Suchdeviationbetweentheproductsandthesampleisnormalandpermissible,therefore,theclaimforcompensationcannotbeallowed. 翻译尊敬的客户：我们非常高兴地通知你方，第5678号保兑的、不可撤销的信用证（金额）计3500英镑，已于今天上午通过曼彻斯特银行开出。收到后请尽快安排装运我方所订货物。从本地轮船公司得知“博伦威克”轮（S.S.“Browick”）定于9月10日左右从你地开往我港。如可能，请尽量设法交由该轮装运。对你方在这一方面的密切合作，我们将不胜感激。同时，我们期待你方的装运通知。诚挚的敬意
