Version由于石油深埋地下

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1、Chapter12ThePassiveVoiceThewideuseofpassivevoiceisconsideredtobeoneoftheoutstandingfeaturesoftheEnglishlanguage,especiallyinitsscientificworks.Andthefollowingisatypicalexample:Asoilisfounddeepinthegrounditspresencecannotbedeterminedbyastudyofthesurface.Conseq

2、uently,ageologicalsurveyoftheundergroundrockstructuremustbecarriedout.Ifitisthoughtthattherocksinacertainareacontainoil,a“drillingrig”isassembled.Themostobviouspartofadrillingrigiscalled“aderrick”.Itisusedtoliftsectionsofpipe,whichareloweredintotheholemadebyt

3、hedrill.Astheholeisbeingdrilled,asteelpipeispusheddowntopreventthesidesfromfallingin.Ifoilisstruckacoverisfirmlyfixedtothetopofthepipeandtheoilisallowedtoescapethroughaseriesofvalves.ChineseVersion:由于石油深埋地下，靠研究地面，不能确定石油的有无。因此对地下岩层结构必须进行地质探测。如果认为某地区的岩层含石油，则在该处

4、安装“钻机”。钻机中最显眼的部件叫“井架”。井架用来吊升分节油管，把油管放入钻头打出的孔中。当孔钻成时，放入钢管防止孔壁坍塌。如发现石油，则在油管顶部加盖，使石油通过一系列阀门流出。Inthisshortsectionof14predicateverbs,thepassiveaccountsfor13.Generallyspeaking,Englishpassivevoiceispreferableinthefollowingcases:1.Whentheactivesubjectisunknownorcanno

5、tbereadilystated,e.g.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.2.Whentheactor(ordoeroftheaction)isknownbutneednotbementioned,e.g.Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.3.Whentheactorisemphasizedforsomespecialpurpose,e.g.Thethreemachinescanbecontrolledbyasingleoperator.4.Whent

6、hepassivestructureisusedasastylisticdevicetoavoidtheincoherenceofstructureshifting,e.g.Johnwasalawyer’ssonandwasdestinedtothebar.ThepassivevoiceinChineseislesscommonlyusedincomparisonwiththeEnglishonaccountoftheflexiblesyntaxoftheChineselanguage.Therefore,ind

7、ealingwithE-Ctranslation,weshouldavoidstickingtotheoriginalpatternandtrytoconvertthepassivevoiceintovariousChinesesentencepatterns.ThePassiveVoiceinE-CTranslationThefollowingareusualmethodsoftranslatingEnglishsentencesinthepassivevoice.1.PassiveVoiceConverted

8、intoActiveVoice1)TheOriginalSubjectUnchangedThesenseofinferioritythatheacquiredinhisyouthhasneverbeentotallyeradicated.Everymomentofeveryday,energyisbeingtransformedfromoneformintoanother