2019高考英语一轮达标 Unit 2 Cloning练题(含解析)新人教版选修8

2019高考英语一轮达标 Unit 2 Cloning练题(含解析)新人教版选修8

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时间:2019-11-16

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1、Unit2Cloning一、阅读理解。Ifyou'remakingdeterminationforahealthiernewyear,consideragutmakeover(肠道清理).Changingyourmicrobemunity(微生物群),however,maynotbeeasy,andnobodyknowshowlongitmighttake.That'sbecausetheecosystemalreadyestablishedinyourgutdetermineshowitabsorbsandprocessesnutrients

2、.Soifthemicrobemunityinyourguthasbeenshapedbyadailydietofhamburgersandpizza,forexample,itwon'trespondasquicklytoahealthydietasagutshapedbyvegetablesandfruitsthathasamorevariedmicrobemunity.“Thenutritionalvalueoffoodisinfluencedinpartbythemicrobemunitythatencountersthatfood,”

3、saidDrJeffreyGordon,theseniorauthorofthenewpaperanddirectoroftheCenterforGenomeScienceandSystemsBiologyattheWashingtonUniversitySchoolofMedicineinSt.Louis.“Nutritionalponentsofahealthydiethavetobeviewedfromtheinsideout,”hesaid,“notjusttheoutsidein.”Oneofthequestionsthestudys

4、etouttoanswerwashowindividualswithdifferentdietsrespondwhentheytrytoimprovetheireatinghabits.Thescientistsharvestedgutbacteriafromhumans,transplantedthemintomicebredundergermfreeconditions,andthenfedthemiceeitherAmericanstyleorplantbaseddiets.Thescientiststhenanalyzedchanges

5、inthemice'smicrobemunities.Ofinterest,thescientistsharvestedthegutbacteriafrompeoplewhofollowedsharplydifferentdiets.OnegroupateafairlytypicalAmericandiet,consumingabout3000caloriesaday,highinanimalproteinswithfewfruitsandvegetables.Someoftheirfavoritefoodswereprocessedchees

6、eandlunchmeat.Theothergroupconsistedofpeoplewhowerecalorierestricted.Theyatelessthan1800caloriesadayandhadcarefullytrackedwhattheyateforatleasttwoyears,stickingtoamostlyplantbaseddietandconsumingfarlessanimalproteinthantheothergroup,athirdfewercarbohydrates(碳水化合物)andonlyhalf

7、thefat.Thiscalorierestrictedgroup,theresearchersfound,hadafarricherandmorediversemicrobemunityinthegutthanthoseeatingatypicalAmericandiet.Theyalsocarriedseveralkindsof“good”bacteria,knowntopromotehealth,thatareuniquetotheirplantbaseddiet.“Perhapsthebestwaytoshapeahealthiermi

8、crobemunityistoeatmorefiberbyconsumingmorefruit,vegetables,wholegrains,andn

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