2019高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”含解析新人教版必修3

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1、Unit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”【阅读理解插花】Sciencetextbooksaroundtheworldhavebeesuddenlyoutofdate.Fournewchemicalelements(元素)havebeenaddedtotheperiodictable.Abigdecisionnowliesahead—elements113,115,117and118needtobegiventheirofficialnamesandsymbols.Newelementscanbenamedafteramythical(神

2、话的)concept,amineral,aplaceorcountry,aproperty(特性)orascientist.Thenameshavetobeuniqueandmaintain“historicalandchemicalconsistency”.Thismeansalotof“-iums”.“They’reLatinisingthename,”explainschemistAndreaSella.“Themostrecenttraditionistonamethemafterplacesorpeople.”Theplaceschose

3、ntendtobewheretheelementwasdiscoveredorfirstproduced.Noonehasyetnamedanelementafterthemselvesbutmanyelementsarenamedinhonourofimportantscientists.AlbertEinsteinwasgiveneinsteinium.Thiscanalsobeawayofrightingthewrongsofthepast.“LiseMeitnerwasreallythechemistwhospottednuclearfis

4、sion(核裂变)butshewasneverreallyrecognisedforitbecauseshewasJewishandawoman,”saysSella.“Givinganelementanamethatremindsusofherisgreatlyimportant.”Thenamingprocessisn’tquick.Thescientistswhodiscoveredthemwillstartthingsoffbysuggestinganame.ButitwillbedowntotheInternationalUnionofP

5、ureandAppliedChemistry(IUPAC)toapproveit.AspecialdivisionoftheUS-basedgrouphastoacceptthesuggestion.ThenthereisapublicreviewperiodoffivemonthsbeforetheIUPACgetsthefinalapproval.Onceit’sready,thenameisannouncedinthescientificjournalPureandAppliedChemistry.Naminganelementisnotju

6、staboutfunctionality.Namesarealwaysimportant.【文章大意】本文为一篇科普题材的说明文,文章主要介绍了每当一个新元素被发现之时我们该如何对其进行命名,该用什么对其进行命名。1.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Topresentafinding.C.Topointoutaproblem.D.Tocallforadecision.【解析】选A。段落大意题。通过综合分析该题应当选择A项“引出话题”。2.WhywasLiseMeitnerm

7、entionedinthenamingprocessinParagraph4?A.Topraiseher.B.Tobuildherreputation.C.Tocorrectthewrongsofthepast.D.Toendracialdiscrimination.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段“Thiscanalsobeawayofrightingthewrongsofthepast.”可知“这也可能是一种纠正过去错误的方式”,因而该题选择C项。3.Whohasthefinalsayinthenamingprocessofanelemen

8、t?A.Thescientistwhodiscoveredit.B.ThespecialdivisionofUS-base