浅谈直接引语—间接引语

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1、浅谈直接引语一间接引语一、定义：直接引语：直接引述别人的话语，用引号“”扌舌起。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话语，构成一个宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序。例句1:Hesaidtome，“IbrokeyourCDplayer”.HetoldmethathehadbrokenmyCDplayc匚变化分析：said—told（动词变化）1—he（人称变化）broke—hadbroken（时态变化）例旬2：Heaskedme,uWhatcanIdoforyou?"Heaskedmewhathecoulddofo

2、rme.变化分析：can—could（时态变化）WhatcanI一whathecould（句式变化）I—he（人称变化）二、直接引语一间接引语具体的变化内容。直接引语间接引语1动词变化bringtakecomego2时间变化nowthentodaythatdaythiseveningthateveningyesterdaythedaybefore/thepreviousdayyesterdaymorningthemorningbeforelastnightthenightbeforetwodaysag

3、otwodaysbeforenextweekthenextweek/thefollowingweektomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdaythedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforethedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter/intwodays'time3地点变化herethere4时态变化haddonehaddonehave/hasdonedidhadbeendoinghadbeendoinghave/hasbeendoing

4、be+doingwas/were+doingwillwouldbegoingtowas/weregoingto*.直接引语一间接引语时，吋态相应地退后一个。5旬式变化陈述句(that)+—个陈述句一般疑问句If/whether+一个陈述句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+—个陈述句whatwherehowmanyhowhowmuch+个陈述彳ij祈使句动词+todo形式的宾语补助语advisesb(not)todo/ordersb(not)todowantsb(not)todo/asksb(not)todo6人称

5、变化笫一人称与主句的主语相一致第二人称与主句的宾语相--致笫二•人称第三人称7指示代词变化thisthatthesethose三、时态不需要变化的情况:1.直接引语有确定的过去时间。Hesaid,"Thestorytookplaceinthe1930.”Hesaidthatthestorytookplaceinthe1930s.2.间接引语所转述的动作或状态说话时仍在继续。ThereportersaicU"ThewarinthemiddleEastisnowstillon.”Thereporterda

6、idthatthewarinthemiddleEastisnowstillon.3.间接引语所转述的是白然现象、科学真理、名言警句。OurEnglishteachersaid,“AllworknoplaymakesJackadullboy.”OurEnglishteachertoldusthatallworknoplaymakesJackadullboy.4.肓接引语屮有，when,while,since等引导的时间状语从句时，从句的时态不变。Hesaid,“Itismanyyearssincehec

7、ametolivehere・”Hesaidthatitwasmanyyearssincehecametolivehere・四、例题解析：1.“HaveyoueverbeentoGulin?nheaskedme.(直接引语)Heaskedme.(间接引语)A.hadIeverbeentoGulinB.haveIeverbeentoGulinC.ifIhaveeverbeentoGulinD.whetherIhadeverbeentoGulin解题步骤：A.先看题干，直接引语是一个一般疑问句。根据变化规则

8、，间接引语需是一个“if/whether+—个陈述句”。于是，我们排除A,B.B.C,D选项的区别为：C选项是现在完成时，D选项是过去完成时。C.根据间接引语比直接引语退后一个吋态的规则，我们选D.2.“Whatisthematterwithyou?"heaskedme.(15接引语)Heaskedmewithme.(间接引语)A.whatthematterisB.whatthematterwasC.what'sthematterD.whatwasthe