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1、桥而纵坡deckprofilegrade桥I创横坡decktransverseslope桩入土长度embededlengthofpile基础埋置深度embedmentdepthoffoundation斜交角skewangle水道测量hydrographicsurvey河道调查riversurvey水文测量hydrologicsurvey水文资料hydrologicdata气象资料meteorologicdata水文分析hydrologicanalysis水力计算hydrauliccomputati

2、on桥址水文观测hydrologicobservationatbridgesite水文站hydrologicstation气彖站meteorologicstation水工构造物hydraulicstructure淹水地区inundateddistrict泛滥区floodedarea水网地区densewaterwaynetregion过水断面dischargeflowcrosssection过水孔径dischargeopeningofbridge阻水I何积current-obstructionare

3、a流速currentvelocity设计流速designcurrentvelocity表观流速apparentvelocity行近流速approachvelocity泥沙起动流速sediment-movingincipientvelocity止冲流速non-scouringvelocity水面比降watersurfacegradient河床比降riverbedgradient湿周wettedperimeter水力半径hydraulicradius糙率coefficientofroughness流向

4、currentdirection流量flowdischarge洪水流量flooddischarge洪峰流量peakflowdischarge设计流量designdischarge流量过程线flowdurationcurve洪水频率floodfrequency设计洪水频率designfloodfrequency洪水重现期returnperiodofflood洪水位过秽线floodleveldurationcurve流域riverbasin分水岭dividingridge汇水面积catchmentar

5、ea径流run-off暴

6、对径淤irainstormrun-off暴雨强度rainstormintensity洪水径流floodrun-off径流面积run-offarea径流系数rnn-offcoefficient河床riverbed河槽riverchannel主槽mainchannel沙洲shoal河滩floodland河岸riverbank水位waterlevel水头waterhead最高水位highestwaterlevel,HWL最低水位lowestwaterlevel,LWL平均最高水

7、位meanhighestwaterlevel平均最低水位meanlowestwaterlevel常水位meanwaterlevel枯水位lowwaterlevel设计水位designwaterlevel通航水位navigablewaterlevel,NWL施工水位constructionwaterlevel潮水位tidallevel平滩水位floodlandlinewaterlevel河槽压缩channelcontraction桥孔压缩bridgeopeningcontraction壅水back-

8、water桥前缠水back-waterinfrontofbridge墩前壅水back-wateratpier壅水高度back-waterheight浪高waveheight犬然演变冲刷naturalscour河槽犬然冲刷naturalscourofchannel堤岸冲刷bankerosion桥基冲刷scouringatbridgefoundation桥下一般冲刷generalscouratbridgeopening桥墩局部冲刷localscouraroundpier清水冲刷scourwithout

9、sedimentmotion浑水冲刷scourwithsedimentmotion冲刷深度scouringdepth冲刷系数coefficientofscouring淤积silting漂浮物drifter悬移质suspendedload推移质bedmaterialload流冰driftice水流导向currentdeflecting调治构造物regulatingstructure导流堤diversiondike川贝坝longitudinaldike丁坝spurdike淹没丁坝sub