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1、UnitOneLanguageandCulturePart1EnglishandItsOriginTask3Directions:ListentothefollowingpassageaboutcharacteristicsofEnglish・Thepassagewillbereadonlyonce.Afterlistening,choosethebestanswerfromthefoursuggestedchoicesmarked4,B,C,andDtoeachofthequestionsyouhear.Part1EnglishandItsOrigin◎Task
2、3Englishlanguageisthemostwidelyspokenlanguageintheworld.Itisusedaseitheraprimaryorsecondarylanguageinmanycountries・Englishhasalargervocabularythananyotherlanguage・Therearemorethan600,000wordsinthelargestdictionariesoftheEnglishlanguage・SomeEnglishwordshavebeenpassedonfromgenerationtog
3、enerationexpressingbasicideasandfeelings.Later,manywordswereborrowedfromotherlanguages,includingArabic,French,German,Greek,Italian,Latin,andSpanish.Forexample,algebraisfromArabic,fashionfromFrench,pianofromItalian,andcanyonfromSpanish.AnumberofEnglishwordswerefonnedbycombiningotherwor
4、ds・Wordscanalsobeshortenedtoformnewwords.PronunciationandspellinginEnglishsometimesseemillogicalorinconsistent.Manywordsarcspelledsimilarlythoughpronounceddifferently.Examplesincludecough,though,andthrough.Otherwords,suchasblue,crew,to,too,andshoe,havesimilarpronunciationsbutarespelle
5、ddifferently.ManyofthesevariationsshowchangesthatoccurredduringthedevelopmentofEnglish.Thespellingofsomewordsremainedthesamethroughthecenturies,thoughtheirpronunciationchanged・Grammaristhesetofprinciplesusedtocreatesentences.Theseprinciplesdefinetheelementsusedtoassemblesentencesandth
6、erelationshipsbetweentheelements.Theelementsincludepartsofspeechandinflections.Somemodemscholarsdividethepartsofspeechintotwocategories,contentwordsandfunctionwords.Contentwordsarethemainpartsofspeech—nouns,verbs,adverbs,andadjectives~andcarrythebasicvocabularymeanings.Functionwordsex
7、pressrelationshipsbetweencontentwordsinasentence・Theyshowthegrammatical,orstructural,meaningsofthesentenceandarealsocalledstructureclasses.Functionwordsincludearticles,prepositions,pronouns,andconjunctions・EnglishhasfewerinflectionsthanmostotherEuropeanlanguages・Aninflectionisavariati
8、onoft
