Chapter 11 SLA

《Chapter 11 SLA》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Chapter11SLAIntroductionDefinition:1.SecondLanguageAcquisition(SLA)referstothesystematicstudyofhowonepersonacquiresasecondlanguagesubsequenttohisnativelanguage.2.L2acquisitioncanbedefinedasthewayinwhichpeoplelearnalanguageotherthantheirmothertongue,insideoroutsideofaclassroom.ThegoalsofSLAareto

2、describehowL2acquisitionproceedsandtoexplainthisprocessandwhysomelearnersseemtobebetteratitthanothers.(RodEllis1985)ConnectionsbetweenFLAandSLAFirstlanguagestudyhasservedasabackclothforperceivingandunderstandingnewfactsaboutsecondlanguagelearning.Secondlanguagelearnersgenerallyfailtoattainnativ

3、e-likecompetence.àInterlanguage.Pointsofcomparisonforsuccessiveforeignlanguagelearningparadigms§NL:TLcomparisons(Contrastiveanalysis)§IL:TLcomparisons(Erroranalysis)§NL:ILcomparisons(Transferanalysis)TheroleofnativelanguageinSLALanguagetransfer:Thedifferencesbetweennativeandtargetlanguageswould

4、eitherleadtopositivetransferornegativetransfer,alsoknownasinterference.迁移是指目标语和其他任何已经习得的（或者没有完全习得的）语言之间的共性和差异所造成的影响。Adistinctionwasmadebetweenpositivetransferandnegativetransfer.Whiletheformerwouldfacilitatetargetlanguagelearning,thelaterwouldinterfere.Thereforeinsecond/foreignlanguagelearninga

5、ndteachingthebasisoflanguageinstructionwasdifferencesbetweenthenativelanguageandtargetlanguage.Mentalist:fewerrorswerecausedbylanguagetransfer.Interlanguage:Learnsputtheirfirstlanguagebacktothewholepictureandstudieditsrolefromacognitiveperspective.Inthissense,nativelanguagefunctionsasakindof“in

6、putfrominside,”thereforetransferisnottransfer,butakindofmentalprocess.Therearethreeinteractingfactorsindetermininglanguagetransferinsecondlanguagelearning:1.alearner’spsychology,howalearnerorganizehisorhernativelanguage2.perceptionofnative-targetlanguagedistance3.actualknowledgeofthetargetlangu

7、ageContrastiveAnalysisStartingwithdescribingcomparablefeaturesofthenativelanguageandtargetlanguage,contrastiveanalysiscomparestheformsandmeaningsacrossthetwolanguagestospotthemismatchesofdifferencessothatpeoplecouldpredictlearners