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1、名词性从句一、名词性从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句。二、考点:1.连词2.语气3.语序4.与其他从句的区别三、连词:1.What与that的区别What在从句中充当主语,宾语,表语。That在从句中不充当成分,引导宾从可省。例:1)、Iagreewithwhatyousaid.2)、Ithinkthatyouareastudent.2.Whether与if的区别Whether可以引导各种名词性从句,尤其是介词后的,或者与ornot或todo连用。If只引导动词后的宾语从句,discuss和decide除外,或it做形式主语的主语从句。例:1)、Wheth
2、erwewillgocampingdependsontheweather.2)、Ihaven'tsettledthequestionofwhetherIwillgobackhome.3)、Hedoesn'tknowwhethertostayornot.4)、Itisstilluncertainwhether/ifheiscoming.5)、Wediscussedwhetherweshouldclosetheshop.3.that与whether/ifdoubt用于肯定句,+whether/if用于否定句,+thateg:Idoubtwhether/iftheansweri
3、sright..Thereisnodoubtthatthemancanlandonthemoon.besure用于肯定句,+that用于否定句,+whether/ifeg:I’msurethatwecansucceed.I’mnotsurewhether/ifheiscomingtonight.4.who,whoeverwho谁;whoever=anyonewho,泛指任何…的人都…eg:Whoeverbroketheglasswillbepunished.Idon’tknowwhobroketheglass.Whoever既可以引导名词性从句,又可以引导让步状语从句。n
4、omatterwho只可以引导让步状语从句。eg:whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.Whoeverleavestheroomlasthastoturnoffthelights.四、语序:必须用陈述语序但有一个句型例外:what’swrong?What’sthematter/trouble(任何情况下语序不变)原因:what就是主语。五、语气:一坚持:insists(坚持认为,坚持说不用虚拟,坚持要求用虚拟)二命令:order,command三建议:suggest,advise,propose,(recommend)Suggest(建议,用虚拟
5、;暗示,表明不用虚拟)四要求:ask,require,request,demand这些词后面的从句中虚拟语气使用:(should)+doeg:Itisrequestedthatwe(should)finishtheworkontime.Mysuggestionisthatyoushouldstartatonce.Anordercamethatallofusshouldnotgoswimmingintheriver.六、同位语从句讲解与练习1.定义:用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。2.用法:同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,thought,question
6、,reply,report,remark,promise,suggestion,order,conclusion,view,truth,word等,关联词多用从属连词。如:Theywereallverymuchworriedoverthefactthatyouweresick.对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome?你在哪儿听说我不能来?EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注:同位语从句偶
7、尔由从属连词whether引导。如:Ihavenoideawhetherhe’llcomeornot.我不知道他是否来。连接代词who,which,what和连接副词where,when,why,how亦可引导同位语从句。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。Wehaven’tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有