曼昆经济学原理第七版第一章.pdf

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1、SeventhEditionPrinciplesofEconomicsN.GregoryMankiwWojciech Gerson (1831‐1901) CHAPTERTenPrinciples1 ofEconomics©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherw

2、iseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.Inthischapter,lookfortheanswerstothesequestions•Whatkindsofquestionsdoeseconomicsaddress?•Whataretheprinciplesofhowpeoplemakedecisions?•Whataretheprinciplesofhowpeopleinteract?•Whataretheprinciplesofhowtheeconomyasawholeworks?©2015Ceng

3、ageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.WhatEconomicsIsAllAboutScarcity:thelimitednatureofsociety’sresourcesEco

4、nomics:thestudyofhowsocietymanagesitsscarceresources,e.g.howpeopledecidewhattobuy,howmuchtowork,save,andspendhowfirmsdecidehowmuchtoproduce,howmanyworkerstohirehowsocietydecideshowtodivideitsresourcesbetweennationaldefense,consumergoods,protectingtheenvironment,andotherneeds2©20

5、15CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.TheprinciplesofHOWPEOPLEMAKEDECISIONS©lithian/Shu

6、IPLE1PeopleFaceTradeoffsAlldecisionsinvolvetradeoffs.Examples:Goingtoapartythenightbeforeyourmidtermleaveslesstimeforstudying.Havingmoremoneytobuystuffrequiresworkinglongerhours,whichleaveslesstimeforleisure.Protectingtheenvironmentrequiresresourcesthatcouldotherwisebeusedtoprod

7、uceconsumergoods.4©2015CengageLearning.AllRightsReserved.Maynotbecopied,scanned,orduplicated,inwholeorinpart,exceptforuseaspermittedinalicensedistributedwithacertainproductorserviceorotherwiseonapassword-protectedwebsiteforclassroomuse.PRINCIPLE1PeopleFaceTradeoffsSocietyfacesanim

8、portanttradeoff:efficiency