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1、ReviewPotentialtherapiesforcoronavirusesAndreaSavarino†,CanioBuonavoglia,SandroNorelli,LiviaDiTrani&AntonioCassone†DepartmentofInfectious,ParasiticandImmune-mediatedDiseases,IstitutoSuperiorediSanità,1.IntroductionVialeReginaElena,29900161Rome,Italy,2.Principaldrugtargetsandspecificinhibi
2、torsCoronavirusreplicationoffersseveralattractivetargetsforchemotherapy.3.ExpertopinionTheseinclude:viralentry(inhibitedbychloroquineandpeptides);viralRNA(targetedbyantisenseapproaches/RNAi);themainprotease3CLpro(inhib-itedbypeptidicmoleculessuchasHIV-1proteaseinhibitorsandmiscellane-ousc
3、ompounds);theaccessoryprotease(s)PLpro(s)(inhibitedbyzincions);RNA-dependentRNApolymerase(inhibitedbyaurintricarboxylicacidandantisenseapproaches);andhelicase(inhibitedbybananins).ChloroquineandHIV-1proteaseinhibitors(withwell-knowntoxicityprofiles)shouldbecon-sideredforclinicaltestsifsev
4、ereacuterespiratorysyndrome(SARS)re-emerges;however,thereareotherattractivecompounds.LessonsshouldbelearntfromAIDSresearchforchoosingthebeststrategies.Keywords:angiotensin-convertingenzyme2,antiretrovirals,aurintricarboxylicacid,caninecoronavirus,chloroquine,SARS-CoV,smallinterferingRNAsE
5、xpertOpin.Ther.Patents(2006)16(9):1269-12881.IntroductionCoronaviruseswereisolatedfromchickensin1937andwerelongconsideredtobeForpersonaluseonly.importantpathogenicagentsinanimals,producingseasonalcoldormildgastroin-testinalinfectionsinhumans.Itwasnotuntiltheoutbreakofthesevereacuterespi-r
6、atorysyndrome(SARS)during2002/2003thatextensiveeffortswentintotheresearchforspecificanticoronavirustherapies.TheemergenceoftheSARScorona-virus(SARS-CoV),capableofkilling∼900peopleinafewmonths,clearlyindi-catedthatmoreresourceshadtobeputintocoronavirusresearch.Inthe3yearsafter2003,morepote
7、ntialanticoronaviralcompoundshavebeenpatentedthaninthepreviousdecadesofcoronavirusresearch.Here,theauthorsreviewthepublishedpatents/patentapplicationsonthemostrelevantcompounds/approachesforpoten-tialanticoronaviraltherapies,focusingonthoseapproachestargetingonespec
