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1、Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaPeriod1IntroductionReadingandVocabularyⅠ.阅读理解AConfucius(551BC-479BC)wasathinker,educator,andfounderoftheRuSchoolforChinesethought.Hewasawell-knownleaderinphilosophyandhealsomademanywisephrasesandtheoriesaboutthelaw,life,andthegovernmentthathelpedman
2、ypeoplelearnaboutnature,theworldandhumanbeings.Confucius’ssocialphilosophylargelycentersaroundtheconceptof“ren”,whichis“lovingothers”and“honoringone’sparents”.Thosewhohavedeveloped“ren”are“simpleinmannerandslowofspeech”.ForConfucius,suchconcernforothersisprovedthroughthepracticeoftheGoldenRule:“Wha
3、tyoudonotwishforyourself,donotdotoothers.”Confuciusthinksagoodrulershipwastohave“de”or“virtue”whichallowsonetowinpeople’ssupportwithoutusinganyforceandkeepgoodorderinhisstatewithouttroublinghimself,andthatarulershouldrulehispeoplebyhisownexampleandtreatthemwithloveandconcern.AcharacteristicofConfuc
4、ius’thoughtishisemphasis(强调)oneducationandstudy,“Agoodteacherissomeonewhoknowswellthewaysofthepastandthepracticesoftheancients.”andhealsothinks“Hewholearnsbutdoesnotthinkislost.Hewhothinksbutdoesnotlearnisingreatdanger.”Confuciusdidnotwritedowntheprinciplesofhisphilosophy;thesewerehandeddownonlythr
5、oughhisstudents.LunYu,abookcompiled(编纂)bysomeofhisstudents,isconsideredthemostdependablesourceofinformationabouthislifeandteachings.Oneofthehistoricalworksthatheissaidtohavecompiledandedited,TheSpringandAutumnAnnals,isdescribingChinesehistoryinthestateofLufrom722BCto481BC.SinceConfucius’steachingsa
6、ndphilosophywassoadvanced,itwastheeducationforChinafor2,000years.ItiscalledConfucianism.【语篇概述】本文属于人物传记类文章,主要介绍了孔子的儒家思想对哲学、政治、教育的影响。1.Thepassagemainlydiscusses .A.ConfuciusandhisgreatthoughtB.thelifeofConfuciusC.Confucius’sinfluenceonstudentsD.Confucius’steachingmethods【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章的第三段主要讨论的是孔子的
7、社会哲学;第四段谈论的是他的政治哲学;第五段是他的教育观点;所以A符合句意。2.Confucius’sphilosophicthinkingcanhelppeopleknowaboutallthefollowingEXCEPT .A.humans B.natureC.theworldD.thesun【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的后半部分“...helpedmanypeoplelearn
