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1、第23卷第4期兽类学报Vol123,No142003年11月ActaTheriologicaSinicaNov.,2003光周期对布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠体重和能量代谢的影响3李兴升王德华杨俊成(中国科学院动物研究所,农业虫鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室,北京,100080)摘要:本文测定了光周期对雄性布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠的体重、基础代谢率和能量代谢的影响。动物从长光照(16L∶8D,LD)转入短光照(8L∶16D,SD)条件下驯化6周(田鼠)和7周(沙鼠)。结果显示:(1)无论在LD还是SD条件下,两种动物的体重都趋于增
2、加,但反应程度不同也具有种间差异性。两种动物的体重对光周期的反应有时段性,约14d前两种动物的体重增加迅速,而后增加缓慢,3周左右趋于稳定。短光照条件下布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠的体重分别增长了37%和11%,均低于长光照组(分别为47%和25%),说明短光照条件下布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠的体重增长较长光照缓慢;(2)光照对两种动物的摄入能、消化能和可代谢能均没有显著影响,摄入能与体重的增长无关;(3)光照对两种动物的基础代谢率无显著影响。这些结果表明:布氏田鼠和长爪沙鼠在自然环境中,可能以光周期作为一种信号,当环境温度降低、食
3、物质量变劣时,采取降低体重以减少绝对能量需求的策略而适应环境。关键词:光周期;布氏田鼠;长爪沙鼠;体重;能量代谢;基础代谢率;中图分类号:Q494文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-1050(2003)04-0304-08EffectofPhotoperiodonBodyWeightandEnergyMetabolisminBrandt′sVoles(Microtusbrandti)andMongolianGerbils(Merionesunguiculatus)LIXingshengWANGDehuaYANGJun
4、cheng(StateKeyLaboratoryofIntegratedManagementofPestRodentsandInsects,InstituteofZoology,theChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,100080,China)Abstract:Bodyweight,basalmetabolicrate(BMR),andenergymetabolismweremeasuredunderlongphotoperiod(16L∶8D,LD)andshortphotoper
5、iod(8L∶16D,SD)foracclimatingBrandt’svoles(Microtusbrandti)andMongoliangerbils(Merionesun2guiculatus).AnimalsweretransferredfromLDtoSDconditionsfor6weeksforvolesand7weeksforgerbils.Bodyweightsweremeasuredat32dayintervalsatfirsttwoweeksandatlast3daysofeachweekth
6、ereafter.Energyintake,digestedenergy,andme2tabolizableenergyweredeterminedbyfoodtrials(metaboliccage)with32dayintervals.BMRsweremeasuredbyusingclosedcir2cuitrespirometerwithinthermoneutralityatthebeginningandtheendofacclimation.UnderLDandSDconditions,bothvoles
7、andgerbilstendedtoincreasetheirbodyweights,increasingfasterwithinthefirst2weeksandthenslowingdown,andbecamestableafter3weeks.However,themagnitudeofchangesisdifferentbetweenLDandSDconditions,andalsobetweenvolesandger2bils1UnderSDconditions,bodyweightswereincrea
8、sedby37%forvolesand11%forgerbils,andthosewerelowerthanunderLDconditions(47%forvolesand25%forgerbils).ThissuggeststhatthereisasensitivetimetophotoperiodandSDcouldcon2straintheincrea
