资源描述：
《高考英语语法复习――状语从句.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。
状语从句来安县半塔中学梅崇兵高考英语语法复习 状语从句【考点概述】状语从句在句中起状语作用，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词或者副词等。在近几年的高考中，考查状语从句的题目出现得比较频繁，因此同学们应对状语从句的学习和掌握加以足够的重视。【真题体验】1.（09四川卷，20）She’llneverforgetherstaythere______shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when2.（2001，全国卷）—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?—Yes,Igaveittoher_______Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once 3.（09山东卷，28）Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain____shewasandwaitforhermother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.who4.（2004，全国卷）Rosesneedspecialcare_____theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as5.（2008，北京卷）—DidyoureturnFred’scall?—Ididn’tneedto_____I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because6.（2006，广东卷）JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,_____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where 7.(09山东卷,32)—Shallwehaveourpicnictomorrow?—itdoesn’train.A.UntilB.WhileC.OnceD.If8.（2006，全国卷I）hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although9.（2002，上海卷）AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife10.（2008，全国卷I）TheweatherwascoldthatIdidn’tliketoleavemyroom.A.reallyB.suchC.tooD.soKey:1.D2.B3.A4.B5.D6.A7.D8.D9.B10.D 【考点扫描】考点一：状语从句的分类及常用连词按照其作用和意义，状语从句可分为九大类：1.时间状语从句常用连词为when,whenever,while,as,after,before,till/until,since,assoonas,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely/barely...when等，此外once（一旦）,immediately,directly（一......就）以及一些名词短语如：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,themoment,theminute,theinstant等也可以用来引导时间状语从句，例如：真题1答案为D，when引导时间状语从句；真题2答案为B，themoment引导时间状语从句。2.地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的从属连词where,wherever指具体地点时，从句可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，但如果表示抽象含义时，从句则放在主句之前，这时它含有“条件意义”，意思为“如果（在那儿）......”。例如：真题3，where引导地点状语从句，指“呆在......的地方”，答案为A。 3.目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的从属连词常用的有(so)that,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase，从句中常用can(could)和may(might)等。例如：真题4，答案为B。4.原因状语从句常见连词有：because,since,as。例如：Shecouldn’tgetupbecauseherlegswerewounded；since和as表示显然的、无可争辩的原因或事实，多置于句首，不可回答why的提问。since的语气比as强，比because弱。例如：真题5答案为D。真题6答案为A。5.条件状语从句常用连词有：if,unless,so/aslongas,so/asfaras,incase,onconditionthat,onlyif（只要）,ifonly（但愿，要是......该多好）。例如：真题7意为“如果不下雨就去“餐”，答案为D。 注意：1）在虚拟语气中不能用unless，只能用if...not，例如：Hewouldhavediedifthedoctorhadnotsavedhim.2）onlyif引导真实条件句，而ifonly常引导虚拟条件句或者感叹句。例如：Onlyifyouworkhard,willyoupasstheexam.IfonlyIhadtime,Iwouldhavemethim.IfonlyIhadmethimearlier!6.让步状语从句常见连词有：though(although),evenif,eventhough,as，whether...or（不管......还是）,whoever,wherever,whenever,whatever,whichever,however,nomatterhow(what,who,when,where...)。例如：真题8答案为D。又如：Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.Whoever(=Nomatterwho)youare,youmustobeytherule. 7.比较状语从句常见连词有：than,as...as,notso/as...as,themore...themore，例如：真题9答案为B，句中the不能省略。8.方式状语从句常见连词有：as,justas,asif,asthough。其中asif/asthough从句常用虚拟语气，若从句陈述的是事实或者实现的可能性很大，可用陈述语气。例如：Sheactedasifnothinghadhappened.Hewalksasifheisill.9.结果状语从句常见连词有：so,(so)that,so...that,such...that。例如：真题10，答案为D。又如：It’ssuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.Tomstudiedhardsothathepassedtheexam. 考点二：时间状语从句的连词分类及意义1.when,while,aswhile常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，强调主句的动词和从句动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的，它引导的从句用延续性动词，若从句是非延续性动词，不能用while，只能用when。表示“一边......一边”的意思时用as或while。例如：As/Whileshewascookingshewassingingsongs.Shesangasshecooked.当主句谓语动词表示短暂动作，而从句动作可以持续一段时间时，三个连词都可以用。如：XiaoLibrokehislegwhile/when/ashewasplayingfootball.注意：1）when也可作并列连词，其意思为“就在那时，这时”，相当于andatthis/thattime。例如： Iwastalkingonthephonewhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.Wewereabouttogooutwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.2）while除引导时间状语从句外，还可引导让步状语从句、条件状语从句以及作并列连词连接两个并列的简单句。例如：Whilehewasrespected,hewasnotliked.（让步状语从句，尽管......）Therewillbelifewhilethereiswaterandair.（条件状语从句，只要......）MyhusbandisateacherwhileIamanurse.（while作并列连词相当于but，意为“而”）2.assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,theminute,theinstant(themoment),nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely/barely...when,once...这些从属 连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一......就......”，从句中用一般时态表示将来时态。例如：I’lltellhimthemoment/theminute/directly/immediatelyImeethim.3.till,until,not...until的用法till和until意义相同，多数情况下可以换用；until在肯定句中主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，意为“动作持续到某时间为止”。在否定句中，主句谓语动词应是非延续性动词，意为“动作直到......才开始”。例如：Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedallmywork.4.before,since的用法before作连词时的基本意义是“在......之前”，用于表示时间或动作的顺序，如：Turnoffthelightbeforeyousleep.Thinkoverbeforeyoudosomething. 在表示“还未......就；不到......就；......才；趁；还没来得及......就”等意思时，需用连词before。例如：Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hehadmeasuredme.since作连词时的意思是“自从......以来”，时间的计算从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起，所以从句动词一般是非延续性动词，如果是延续性动词，则是“某动作结束以来”。如：Ihaven’theardfromhersincesheleftChina.Ihaven’twrittentohersinceshelivedinLondon.5.everytime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime,allthetime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句表示“每当......；每次......；下次......等”。例如：Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout. Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.ThefirsttimeIwenttowork,Ifeltalittlenervous.考点三：目的状语从句与结果状语从句的区别引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat，inorderthat,forfearthat,incase,等。其谓语部分常含有may/might,can/could,should或will等情态动词，且通常主句在前从句在后，从句间无需逗号连接。例如：I'llgetupearlysothat/inorderthatImaycatchtheearlybus.Hewrotethenamesdownforfearthatheshouldforgetthem.引导结果状语从句的连词有sothat,so...that,such...that等。在非正式语体中so...that及such...that中的that可以省略。通常主从句间有逗号，且从句中一般不用情态动词。例如： Tomissuchanhonest/sohonestastudent(that)wealllikehim.Tomstudiedhardsothathepassedtheexam.考点四：让步状语从句连词的使用连词though和although一般可以换用，都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。例如：Although/Thoughheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.though还可作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。例如：Hesaidhewouldcome,hedidn’t,though.eventhough/evenif如果表达的是真实情况，用陈述语气；如果表达是假设的情况，一般用虚拟语气。例如：Eventhough/ifitisraining,we’llgothere.（陈述语气）EvenifIwerebusy,Iwouldgothere.（虚拟语气） 注意:1)Nomatterwho/how/when/where/which/what只能引导让步状语从句，此时相当于whoever/however/whenever/wherever/whichever/whatever，而whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever除引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导名词性从句。例如：Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,youmustobeytherule.（状语从句）Youcantakewhatever(=anythingthat)youlike.（宾语从句）2）as引导让步状语从句必须倒装as引导让步状语从句一般置于主句之前，从句中的表语、状语或者动词原形必须置于句首；若表语为名词，前置时要省略冠词。though也可以这样使用。例如： Childasheis,heknowsalot.（child前不能有冠词）MuchasIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit,forIcan'taffordit.Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob.Smartas/thoughsheis,shestudieshard.考点五：状语从句的紧缩现象当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，或者从句的主谓部分是“itis”时，常省略此部分。1.时间状语从句中Don'tspeakuntil(youare)spokento.While(Iwas)inBeijing,Ilivedwithmyuncle.Iwanttogoswimmingwhen(itis)possible.2.条件状语从句中Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.If(itis)so,youwouldbepunished.Unless(itis)repaired,theTVsetisofnouse.3.方式状语从句中Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.4.其他状语从句中Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.Fillintheblankswithproperwordswhere(itis)necessary. 【考点训练】一、单项填空1.（09全国卷Ⅱ，10）Allthedishesinthismenu,______otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.asB.ifC.thoughD.unless2.(09温州调研卷Ⅱ)Nowadaysmoreandmorepeopleareadvisedtoarrangeforinsurance________theyortheirfamilymembersneedmedicaltreatment.A.sothatB.inorderthatC.incasethatD.nowonderthat3.（09福建卷，33）Shehadjustfinishedherhomework_______hermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday.A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since 4.（09浙江卷，8）Themedicineworksmoreeffectively____youdrinksomehotwateraftertakingit.A.asB.untilC.althoughD.if5.（09江西卷，35）Someofyoumayhavefinishedunitone.___,youcangoontounittwo.A.IfyoumayB.IfyoudoC.IfnotD.Ifso6.（09辽宁卷，30）Itjustisn'tfair.____Iwasworkingasawaiterlastmonth,myfriendswerelyingonthebeach.A.wheneverB.thoughC.forD.while7.（09重庆卷，33）Unsatisfied___withthepayment,hetookthejobjusttogetsomeworkexperience.A.thoughwasheB.thoughhewasC.hewasthoughD.washethough 8.Lucy,theboywasfrightenedbytheterriblenoisefromthenextroom.Takehim____it'squiet,Ithink.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.before9.—Doyouthinkwecangetthereontime?—Yes,____thecardoesn'tbreakdown.A.ifonlyB.evenifC.incaseD.solongas10.Iwon'tcallyou_____somethingunexpectedhappens.A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while11.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor_____youlockyourselfoutoneday.A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incase 12.____environmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystemtorecover.A.EvenifB.IfonlyC.WhileD.Once13.Wehadtowaithalfanhour_____wehadalreadybookedatable.A.sinceB.althoughC.untilD.before14.Sheopenedhereyeswithastartandwasabouttocryout____sheheardherfatherurgentlytellinghertokeepquiet.A.whileB.whenC.beforeD.after15._____itstartedtorain.A.HardlythegamehadbegunwhenB.HardlyhadthegamebegunwhenC.NosoonerthegamehadbegunthanD.Nosoonhadthegamebegunwhen 二、根据所给提示完成下列句子16._______（无论他怎样努力）hecouldn'tpassthedrivingtest.(nomatter)17.________________（尽管工作很困难）,theymanagedtofinishit.(as)18.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,_________（尽管他们知道它有价值）.(eventhough)19.__________（每次我看到他）,helooksjoyful.(everytime)20.Rosepromisedtoletmeusehercomputer_____________（条件是不弄坏它）.(onconditionthat)21.Thesportsshoesareverynicebut_________（太贵了）.(morethan,afford)22.Speakclearly___________________（让大家都能听明白）.(sothat）23.Insummer,weatherinJinan_____________（和北京一样热）.(as...as）24.You'llsucceedintheend______________.（除非你放弃）.(unless）25.____________________（不管你信不信）itistrue.(whether...or) 【考点训练答案】一、单项填空1.D.考查条件状语从句中连词的用法。句意为这些菜供2-3人吃，除非有说明不是这样。条件句插入到句子中间。其它不符合句意。2.C.考查状语从句。根据句意，此处应用incasethat引导目的状语从句，表示“万一......的话”。3.A.此题考查状语从句关联词的用法。when强调“特定时间”，即“atthatmoment”，此意正符合此题。“她刚刚做完她的家庭作业，此时她妈妈要求她去练习钢琴。”故选A。4.D.考查从属连词用法。as引导原因、时间、让步状语从句；until引导时间状语从句；although引导让步状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。此题选D项为佳。“假如你吃药后喝点开水，它的效果会更好”。5.D.考查条件句中的省略。Ifso中省略了itis，补全为Ifitisso。6.D.考查状语从句连接词，while在此用来表示事物的对比。7.B.本题考查状语从句。用though引导的让步状语从句可用倒装形式，这时词序可以是表语+though+主语+系动词。8.B.露西，这个男孩被隔壁的那可怕的声音吓坏了，我想应该把他带到安静的地方去。where引导地点状语从句。9.D.“你认为我们能够按时到达吗？”“能，只要汽车不出故障。”as/solongas引导条件状语从句。10.A.如果不出现意外情况，我就不给你打电话了。根据句意此处应为条件，此句也可以说成：Iwon'tcallyou,ifanythingunexpecteddoesn'thappen. 11.D.留一把？匙给你的邻居，以防哪天忘记带？匙进不了门。根据句意和行文逻辑此处为“以防，万一”之意，故选incase。12.D.一旦环境遭到破坏，就需要很多年才能恢复生态平衡。本题考查once引导的条件状语从句。13.B.虽然我们已经预订了位子，但还是得等半个小时。根据句意，前后应该是“虽然......，但是......”之意，引导让步状语从句。14.B.她猛地睁开眼睛，刚要哭，这时她听到父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。beabouttodosth.when...为固定句型，其中的when为并列连词。15.B.比赛刚开始，天就下起雨来。nosooner...than,hardly...when和scarcely...before引导的从句表示“刚......就......”，主句中的动词一般用过去完成时而从句中则用过去时，如果把nosooner,hardly提到句首，则主句必须倒装。二、根据所给提示完成下列句子16.Nomatterhowhardhetried17.Difficultastheworkwas18.eventhoughtheyknewitwasvaluable19.EverytimeIseehim20.onconditionthatIwon'tdamageit21.theyaremuchmorethanIcanafford22.sothateverybodycanunderstandyou23.isashotasthatinBeijing24.unlessyougiveup25.Whetheryoubelieveitornot
