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1、《区域经济发展战略》课程作业专业区域经济学班级经管院研1022学号1002021085姓名尚天祥2010年秋季学期EvolutionaryeconomicgeographyanditsimplicationsforregionalinnovationpolicyRonBoschmaAbstractRelatedvarietyisimportanttoregionalgrowthbecauseitinducesknowledgetransferbetweencomplementarysectorsatthere
2、gionallevel.Thisisaccomplishedthroughthreemechanisms:spinoffdynamics,labormobilityandnetworkformation.Theytransferknowledgeacrossrelatedsectors,whichcontributestoindustrialrenewalandeconomicbranchinginregions.Sincethesemechanismsofknowledgetransferarebasica
3、llytakingplaceattheregionallevel,andbecausetheymakeregionsmoveintonewgrowthpathswhilebuildingontheirexistingassets,regionalinnovationpolicyshouldencouragespinoffactivity,labormobilityandnetworkformation.Doingso,policybuildsonregion-specificassetsthatprovide
4、sopportunitiesbutalsosetslimitstowhatcanbeachievedbypolicy.Publicinterventionshouldneitherapply‘one-size-fits-all’approachesnoradopt‘picking-the-winner’strategies,butshouldaimtoconnectcomplementarysectorsandexploitrelatedvarietyasasourceofregionaldiversific
5、ation.Keywords:relatedvariety,evolutionaryeconomicgeography,regionalinnovationsystems,regionalgrowth.1.IntroductionWhydosomeregionsgrowmorethanothers?Tillthelate1980s,neo-classicaltheoryarguedthattechnologyisakeydeterminantofregionalgrowth.However,technolog
6、ywastreatedasanexogenousfactorand,therefore,thegeographyofinnovationwasleftunexplained(AlcouffeandKuhn,2004).InspiredbySchumpeter’swork,economicgeographersplayedaprominentroleincriticizingthisneo-classicalframework.Fromtheearly1980sonwards,theyfocusattentio
7、nontheexplanationofthegeographyofinnovation.Someregionsaremoreinnovativethanothers,andregion-specificcharacteristicslikeinstitutionsmaybeunderlyingforces.Thisevenledtotheclaimthatregionsaredriversofinnovationandeconomicgrowth.Conceptslikeindustrialdistricts
8、(Becattini,1987),clusters(Porter,1990),innovativemilieux(Camagni,1991),technologydistricts(Storper,1992),regionalinnovationsystems(Cooke,2001)andlearningregions(Asheim,1996)havebeenlaunchedinthelastdec