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1、Chapter11Leadership§11.1Definitiontheability&processtoinfluenceagrouptowardtheachievementofgoalsnotallleadersaremanagers;nor,forthatmatter,areallmanagersleadersDifferencebetweenmanagement&leadershipattitudestowardsgoals:Managerstendtoadoptimpersonal,leaderstakeapersonal&active.Wor
2、kview:anenablingprocessinvolving--,temperamentallydisposedtoseekoutrisk&danger.Prefertoworkwithpeople,concernedwithideasmanagementcopingwithcomplexity,leadercopingwithchange,developingavisionofthefuture;mostfirmsareunderled&overmanagedTransitioninleadershiptheoriesWhatmakesaneffec
3、tiveleaderthe1stapproachsoughttofinduniversalpersonalitytraitsthatleadershadtosomegreatdegreethannonleadersexplainleadershipintermsofthebehaviorapersonengagedin“falsestarts”basedontheirerroneousconceptionContingencymodelstoexplaintheinadequaciesofpreviousleadershipattemptingtoiden
4、tifythesetoftraitsthatpeopleimplicitlyrefertoasaleader§11.2Traittheories1930sbypsychologistsTheoriesseekingpersonality,social,physical,orintellectualtraitsdifferentiatingleadersfromnonleadersIdentifytraitsconsistentlyassociatedwithleader:ambition&energy,thedesiretolead,honesty&int
5、egrity,self-confidence,intelligence,job-relatedknowledgeisolatingtraitsresultedindeadends,4reason:overlookstheneedsoffollowers;failstoclarifytherelativeimportance;doesn’tseparatecausefromeffect;ignoresituationalfactorsChapter11Leadership§11.3Behavioraltheoriesthelate1940s--mid-196
6、0sTheoriesproposingthatspecificbehaviorsdifferentiateleadersfromnonleaderstraitresearchweresuccessful,thenleaderisbasicallyinborn,wouldhaveprovidedabasisforselectingtheright“leader”behaviortheorieswerevalid,wecouldteachpeopletobeleaders,training1.OhioStatestudiesinthelate1940sIden
7、tifyindependentdimensionsofleaderbehavior.beginningwithover1000dimensionsinitiatingstructure:theextenttowhichaleaderislikelytodefine&structurehisrole&thoseofsubordinatesinthesearchforgoalattainment;highonitleadtogreaterratesofgrievances,absenteeism,&turnover&lowerlevelsofjobsatisf
8、actionforworkersperformingroutine
