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1、JohnMiltonJohnMiltonwasbornin1608inLondon.Hewasgreatlyinfluencedbyhisfamily.Receivedgoodeducationduetotheprosperityofhisfamily.At18,MiltonwasadmittedtoChrist‘sCollege,CambridgeOntheChristmasof1629,hecomposed“OntheMorningofChrist‘sNativity“(基督诞生的清晨).In163
2、2,MiltontookhisM.A.(MasterofArts)atCambridge,afterwhichheretiredtothefamilyhomes,anddid6yearsofprivatestudyandliterarycomposition.MiltonsetoutforatourofEuropewhenheturned30.HemetGalileoinFlorence,andwasgreatlytouchedandinspiredbyhim.Milton’stourofEuropew
3、ascutshortwithrumorsofcivilwarinEngland.TheCivilWarwasbrewing—KingCharlesI(查理一世)invadedScotlandin1639,andtheLongParliament(长期议会)wasconvened(召开)in1640.Miltonbeganwritingpamphletsonpoliticalandreligiousmatters;OfReformation,Animadversions(论批判),andOfPrelati
4、calEpiscopacy(论主教制).Inthespringof1642,MiltonmarriedMaryPowell,17yearsoldtohis34,buttherelationshipwasanunhappyone,andMarylefthimtovisitthefamilyhomebrieflythereafter,anddidnotreturn.MatterswerenotimprovedwhenthePowellsdeclaredfortheKingintheCivilWarwhich
5、brokeoutinAugust.ThispromptedMiltontowritehisso-called'DivorceTracts'speakingfordivorceonthegroundsofincompatibility.Butaftertherestorationin1658,Milton’spoliticalcareerstartedtoslidedown.In1652,Miltonlosthissightduetooverwork.3yearslater,MiltonmarriedKa
6、therineWoodcock，butshepassedawayin1658.ItistothememoryofherthatMiltonwrotethesonnet“MethoughtIsawmylateespousèdsaint.(梦亡妻)”In1663,Miltonremarriedagain.Hespenthistimetutoringstudentsandfinishinghislife‘swork,theepic,ParadiseLost(失乐园).“Amongthegreatestwork
7、severtobewritteninEnglish,thefeatisallthemoreremarkableforMilton'sblindness—hewouldcomposeverseuponverseatnightinhisheadandthendictatethemfrommemorytohisaidesinthemorning.”ParadiseLostfinallysawpublicationin1667,in12books.Thebookwasmetwithinstantsuccessa
8、ndamazement;evenDryden(屈莱顿)isreportedtohavesaid,"Thismancutsusallout,andtheancientstoo.”ParadiseRegain‘d(复乐园)andSamsonAgonistes(力士参孙)werepublishedtogetherin1671,bythetimehewas63.Miltondiedpeacefullyofgout(痛风)3yearslater.Hi
