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【新教材精创】学科网2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）Period1 Reading and Thinking练习I.单词拼写。1.TheBrownslovethes ofahappyhomelife. （安全）2.Hydrogenandoxygenc toformwater. （结合）3.Thepolicearecheckingthesceneofthec . （犯罪）4.Thechemicals ofthisparticularmoleculeisveryunusual. （结构）5.Thestoryisamagicalmixoff andreality. （幻想）6.Itissaidthatthisheatingsystemhasana temperaturecontrol. (自动的)7. (使融合)thekidswiththecommunityaswellasfindingthemarole,isessential. 8.Theyincludethefloorexercisesasaregularpartoftheirfitness (常规). 9.TheOfficialGuideAppis (可获得的)forfreeinboththeAppStoreandGooglePlay. 10.Wehavesufferedaserioussetback.N ,wemustnotbediscouraged. 【答案】1.security2.combine3.crime4.structure5.fantasy6.automatic7.Integrating8.routine9.available10.Nevertheless【解析】考察学生在语境中的语用能力。II.完成句子。1.也许在不久的将来我们就能治愈艾滋病。 inthenearfuturewewillbeabletocureAIDS. 【答案】:Itispossiblethat2.知道如何解决这个问题是重要的。It howtosolvetheproblem. 【答案】:isimportanttoknow3.上课记笔记是一个好习惯。It tomakenotesinclass. 【答案】:isagoodhabit4.我一做出最后的决定就感到轻松多了。 Ihadmadethefinaldecision,Ifeltalotmorerelaxed. 【答案】:Assoonas 5.他坚持要我们参加这次讲座。Heinsistedthat . 【答案】:weattendthelecture6.最好不要和山姆闲逛。____________________________________withSamthen.【答案】Betternothangout7.我总觉得他没把他知道的事全告诉我们。I_____________________________heknowsmorethanhehastoldus.【答案】can’thelpthinking8.我现在很忙,无法帮忙打扫房间。Iambusyatthemoment,so______________________________theroom.【答案】Ican’thelptoclean【解析】考察学生在语境中对短语的语用能力。III.阅读理解。Thelong,whiterobotweighsmorethan450kilograms.Likeotherrobots,itisequippedwithcamerasandmechanicalarmstoautomaticallyperformmanydifferentjobs.AngusisamajorpartofoperationsatAlexander’sindoorrobotfarm,about40kilometerssouthofSanFrancisco.The743-squaremeterfarmusesahydroponicsystemthatgrowsplantswithoutsoil.Theplantsgrowinsideequipmentthatprovidesacontinuousflowofwater.Theindoorfarmuseselectricallightinsteadofsunlight.Thiskindoffarmusesmuchlesswateranddoesnotrequirehumanlabortorun.ThemainjobforAngusistomovethousandsofplantsaroundthefarm,fromsmallcontainerstolargeronesastheygrow.Angusalsocarriesplantstoanotherrobotthatdoesnothaveanameyet.Angusmovesslowlytocompleteitswork.Buttherobotisverystrongandcanliftabout300kilograms.Fornow,thefarmuseshumanstocollectvegetablesandothercropswhentheyareready.ButAlexandersaysheisworkingonarobotthatwilleventuallytakeoverthatjobtoo.AlexanderhelpedstartthecompanyIronOxafterleavingGoogle,whereheworkedonroboticsatthecompany’sGooglexproject.HeteamedupwithanotherformerGoogleemployee,JonBinney.TogethertheyfoundedIronOx.IronOx’swebsitesaysthehydroponicgrowingsystemuses90percentlesswater.Italsosaidthegrowingmethodisupto30timesmoreproductivethangrowingcropsonland. Alexandersaidgrowingfoodroboticallythroughouttheyearinmajorcitieswillprovideamoreconsistentandfreshproduct.MostofthevegetablessoldintheU.S.aregrowninCalifornia,Arizona,Mexicoandothernations.ThatmeansthatmanypeopleinU.S.citiesareeatingvegetablesthatarenearlyaweekoldbythetimetheyarriveinstores.Indoorfarmsoperateallyearandarenotgenerallyaffectedbybadweather.Thiswillpermitthecompanytoprovideasteadyflowofgoodswithoutmajorpricechanges.1.HowdoesAngusworkinthefarm?A.Itprovidesacontinuousflowofwaterfortheplants.B.Itdirectsotherrobotstoworkinthefarm.C.Itworksoncollectingvegetables.D.Itisinchargeoftransferringplants.【答案】D【解析】细节题。定位在第三段第二句话，themainjobforAngustomovethousandsofplantsfromaroundthefarm,fromsmallcontainerstolargeronesastheygrow,即它的工作就是，当植物长大了，把植物从小的容器里搬到大的容器里。选项D中的transfer意思是“转移”。故选D.2.WhatdoweknowaboutAlexander?A.HeusedtoworkonroboticsatGoogle.B.HestartedacompanystudyingroboticswithBinney.C.Heworksoncollectingcropswhentheyareready.D.HestartedIronOxbyhimself.【答案】A【解析】细节题。定位在第五段第一句话，whereheworkedonroboticsatthecompany’sGoogleXproject,故选A.3.What’stheadvantageofAlexander’sfarm?A.Thevegetablesfromthisfarmsellinhigherprice.B.Thevegetablesfromthisfarmaremorenutritious.C.Ituseselectricallightinsteadofsunlight.D.Ituseslesswaterbutproducesmore.【答案】D【解析】细节题。定位在倒数第三段，这一段中提到了这个系统的两个好处：节约水和高产量，故选D. 4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.RobotFarm,theFutureoftheAgricultureB.RobotFarm,AimingtoBringFresherFoodtoUSCitiesC.Alexander,anExtraordinaryScientistonRoboticsD.HydroponicSystem,theNewWayofFarming【答案】B【解析】主旨题。本文主要介绍了机器人农场及其优势，并将会给人们带来更新鲜故选B.IV.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imaginethatyourlifeislikeatreasurehunt.Oneday,aparticulargoal__1__yourattentionandyoudecideto__2__onatreasurehunt.Youbeginthelonghikeandencountera__3__ortwoalongtheway.Alreadythe__4__pathisstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasurethatyouhavebeenimagining.Thingsget__5__whenyoufinallyarriveatthespot.Yousaytoyourself,“Thisdoesn'tlooklikethetreasureI__6__imagined!Imustbeonthewrongpath.I__7__allthistime！”Youwonder，“Hmm...maybeIshould__8__goals？”afterthinkingforafewmoments.It's__9__tofeelasenseofdisappointmentor__10__whenthisoccurs,butIthinkthedeeperproblemis__11__inhowweapproachedthetreasureinthefirstplace.The__12__isthatmostpeoplespendalloftheirtimethinkingaboutthetreasure.Thefastestwaytogettoaparticularspot,__13__，istosetyourcompassandstartwalking.Theideahereistocommittoyourgoalwiththestrongest__14__.Developaclear,single－minded__15__forwhereyouare.Andthen__16__allofyourenergytothejourneyandbecommittedtothepathyouarewalking.Inotherwords,yourgoalbecomesyourcompass,notyourburiedtreasure.Thegoalisyour__17__，notyourdestination.Thegoalisamissionthatyouareon,apaththatyou__18__.Thatisjustfineandworthwhile,__19__comesfromthatpath.Itisthecommitmenttowalkingthepaththat__20__．【文章大意】 本文为议论文。生活就像一次寻宝之旅，到头来我们会发现所寻之物并非所愿。问题的根源在于一开始我们就没有弄清楚该如何接近宝藏。在方向确定后，目标是指南针不再是宝藏；目标是方向，不再是归宿；目标是使命，是选择的道路。忠诚于自己所选的道路，尽心尽力，风雨兼程。1.A.reminds B.turnsC.paysD.grabs1.【答案】 D【解析】 此处指“一个特定的目标吸引了你的注意力”，grab“吸引(某人的注意)”符合语境。remind“提醒”。2.A.setoutB.workoutC.giveoutD.turnout 2.【答案】 A【解析】 此处指你决定动身踏上这一寻宝之旅，setout“动身”符合语境。workout“锻炼身体；计算出”；giveout“分发”；turnout“结果是”。3.A.challengeB.misfortuneC.storyD.surprise3.【答案】 A【解析】 由“isstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasure”中的“different”以及“Imustbeonthewrongpath”中的“wrong”可知，寻宝之旅遭受了挑战(challenge)。misfortune“不幸”。4.A.smoothB.actualC.narrowD.false4.【答案】 B【解析】 根据上下文尤其是空后的“pathisstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasurethatyouhavebeenimagining”可知，实际的(actual)道路和你之前想象的不一样。smooth“平坦的”；narrow“狭窄的”；false“错误的”。5.A.betterB.morecomplexC.morerelaxingD.worse5.【答案】 D【解析】 由下文中的“Thisdoesn'tlooklikethetreasureI__6__imagined!Imustbeonthewrongpath”可知，最初你感到寻宝之旅发生变化，到最后情况变得更加糟糕(worse)。6.A.hardlyB.usuallyC.previouslyD.normally6.【答案】 C【解析】 根据语境尤其是“pathisstartingtolookdifferentfromtheburiedtreasurethatyouhavebeenimagining”可知，此处表示这和先前(previously)想象的不一样。7.A.forgotB.wastedC.valuedD.managed7.【答案】 B【解析】 由空前的“Imustbeonthewrongpath”可知，此处表示自己走错了路，浪费(wasted)了这些时间。value“重视；珍视”；manage“努力完成”。8.A.attainB.assessC.switchD.achieve8.【答案】 C【解析】 由“Imustbeonthewrongpath”可知，此处表示以为自己走错了路，所以没有找到想要的宝藏，故认为自己应改变(switch)目标。attain“获得”；assess“评价；评定”。9.A.naturalB.necessaryC.obviousD.strange9.【答案】 A 【解析】 根据行文逻辑可知，走错了路，寻错了宝，为此感到很失落是很正常的(natural)事。necessary“必要的”；obvious“明显的”；strange“奇怪的；陌生的”。10.A.failureB.confusionC.shameD.ignorance10.【答案】 B【解析】 由“maybeIshould__8__goals”可知，你走错了路，找到的宝藏不是想要的，感觉要不要改变目标，这是一种困惑(confusion)，故选B项。failure“失败”；shame“耻辱”；ignorance“无知”。11.A.buffedB.lostC.absorbedD.rooted11.【答案】 D【解析】 根据语境可知，此处表示作者分析没有找到想要的宝藏的根源(rooted)在于一开始就没有弄清楚该如何接近宝藏。12.A.evidenceB.lessonC.truthD.problem12.【答案】 D【解析】 根据空后的“mostpeoplespendalloftheirtimethinkingaboutthetreasure.Thefastestwaytogettoaparticularspot,__13__，istosetyourcompassandstartwalking”可知，花费所有的时间想宝藏而不设置好指南针再出发是问题(problem)所在。evidence“证据”；lesson“教训”；truth“真相”。13.A.anywayB.howeverC.otherwiseD.therefore13.【答案】 B【解析】 参见上题【解析】。14.A.beliefB.feelingsC.supportD.nerves14.【答案】 A【解析】 根据下文中的“becommittedtothepathyouarewalking”和“Itisthecommitmenttowalkingthepath”并结合语境可知，你要专注于(focus)往哪里去，然后坚定地走下去，故此处表示你需要有最强的信念(belief)。15.A.habitB.desireC.focusD.interest15.【答案】 C【解析】 参见上题【解析】。desire“愿望；渴望”。16.A.preserveB.improveC.researchD.devote16.【答案】 D【解析】 根据语境可知，此处表示要倾尽所能，尽心尽力，风雨兼程。devote“献身；致力；专心”，符合语境。preserve“保存”；improve“改善”。 17.A.dreamB.mottoC.directionD.schedule17.【答案】 C【解析】 文章最后一段是主旨的升华。结合文章主旨及选项可知，此处指目标是方向(direction)，不是归宿。motto“箴言；格言”；schedule“日程安排”。18.A.followB.showC.recommendD.demand18.【答案】 A【解析】 由上文中的“becommittedtothepathyouarewalking”可知，目标是一个使命，是一条需要遵循(follow)的道路。recommend“推荐”；demand“要求”。19.A.whicheverB.whateverC.whoeverD.whenever19.【答案】 B【解析】 此处指不论这条道路上有什么，那都很好，也很值得。whatever“无论什么”符合语境。20.A.deservesB.countsC.worksD.gathers20.【答案】 B【解析】 根据空前一句可知，忠诚于自己所选的道路，尽心尽力才是最重要的。count“重要”符合语境。deserve“值得”；gather“聚集”。V.语法填空。（共10小题，每小时1.5分，满分15分） Roofsandwindowsofbuildingsaren’ttheonlysurfacesthatcanbeusedtoproducesolarpower.InChina,1. (construct)hasbegunofthecountry’sfirstsolarhighway,inwhichsolarpanelsareplacedunderneaththetransparentconcrete. Thesolarhighwayisa2kmstretch(一段)ofroad2. (lie)ontheJinanExpressway,andit’sdividedintothreelayers.Thesee-throughconcreteprotectsasetofsolarpanelsoftwo3. (size).Beneaththesolarpanels4. (be)alayerthatseparatesthemfromthedampground. Theroad5. (it)hasalreadybeencompleted,andnowit’sonlyamatterofconnectingthegrid,6. isexpectedtobefinishedbytheendoftheyearalongsidethecompletionoftheJinanExpressway’ssouthsection. Thisisn’tthefirstsolarroadChinahasworkedon.Earlierthisyear,theQiluTransportationDevelopmentGroup,alsohandlingtheJinanExpressway’ssolarhighway,7. (build)a160-metre-longsolarroadin8. cityofJinan.Ithastheabilityofheatinguptokeeptheroadclear9. snowandiceandisableto10. (wireless)chargeelectricvehicles.Thenewsolarexpresswayisexpectedtoonedaybeequippedwiththesamefeatures. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国第一条太阳能公路的建设过程。在这条公路上,太阳能电池板被放置在透明的混凝土下面。1.construction 考查词形转换。此处作主语,故用名词construction。2.lying 考查非谓语动词。因solarhighway与lie之间是主动关系,故用现在分词lying作后置定语。3.sizes 考查名词复数。根据two可知,此处应用复数形式sizes。4.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此句是全部倒装句,句子是一般现在时,主语是alayer,因此动词用第三人称单数,故填is。5.itself 考查反身代词。此处指“道路本身”,故用itself。6.which 考查非限制性定语从句。此处connectingthegrid是先行词,指物,在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。7.built 考查动词时态。空处作谓语动词,根据earlierthisyear可知,句子用一般过去时,故填built。8.the 考查定冠词。此处表示特指,用定冠词。inthecityof…在……市。9.of 考查介词。keep…clearof使……摆脱……。10.wirelessly 考查副词。此处charge是动词,需用副词修饰动词,故填wirelessly。ⅤI.应用文写作假定你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom得知你校上月举办了首届校园科技节活动,发邮件向你询问相关情况,请你回复邮件。内容包括:1.活动的目的;2.活动的形式:如智能校园创客(maker)大赛、科创成果展等;3.你的感受。注意:1.词数80左右;开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearTom,IamexcitedtotellyouthatthefirstScienceandTechnologyFestivalwasheldinourschoollastmonth,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom, IamexcitedtotellyouthatthefirstScienceandTechnologyFestivalwasheldinourschoollastmonth,whichaimedatenrichingusstudents’schoollifeandpromotingthestudents’awarenessofinnovation. Therewereavarietyofactivitiesinthefestival,whichincludedMakersonCampus,whereparticipantscouldshowtheirdesignsandproducts,andanexhibitionofthestudents’originalinventions,designsandliteraryworks.Withtheenthusiasticparticipationandsupportofallthestudents,theactivityturnedoutagreatsuccess.Iwasastonishedattheschoolmates’creativityandteamworkspirits.Idohopemoreactivitieswillbeheldinmyschooltoprovideuswithchancestopracticeourcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingabilities.Yours,LiHua
