飞机前起落架机构设计

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1、南昌航院2006届毕业设计飞机前起落架机构设计目录1引言······················································12正文····················································22.1绪论·····················································22.1.1起落架的设计要求·······································

2、········22.1.2起落架的外载荷············································32.1.3起落架的布置型式················································52.2总体方案的设计·····················································72.2.1本设计的特点···············································

3、·72.2．2起落架收放方式选择··················································82.2．3起落架结构型式的选择·······································122.2．4起落架缓冲装置的选择·······································152.2．5起落架转弯系统的选择····································222.2．6起落架各作动筒的选择···

4、····································252.2．7起落架轮胎的选择·······································292.2．8起落架有关参数的计算和校核·······························312.2．9起落架结构的疲劳设计与起落架的试验·····················322.3动画模拟···················································343结

5、论·····························································424致谢·························································435参考文献······················································44附录外文资料及译文外文资料：Anintroductiontotheairplane··············45译文：共75

6、页第75页南昌航院2006届毕业设计飞机前起落架机构设计飞机的介绍··············································621.引言起落架是供飞机起飞、着陆时在地面上滑跑、滑行停放用的。它是飞机的主要部件之一，其工作性能的好坏以及可靠性直接影响飞机的使用和安全。具体说，起落架主要功用有：一是吸收并耗散飞机着陆垂直速度所产生的动能；二是保证飞机能够自如而又稳定地完成在地面上的各种动作。为了有效地完成起功能，起落架设计面临着结构设计、机构设计、空气动力性能以及由

7、飞机用途决定和维修人员提出的使用、维修等方面一系列存在的有一定矛盾的各种要求。举例来说，在多数情况下飞机起落架整个装置的重量占全机重量的3%~5%，占飞机结构重量的10%~15%；而它必须在飞机升空后能收入到机体结构和飞机阻力影响最小的空间中去。然而，现代飞机速度增大；现代战斗机均要求有近距离起落等高性能；一些大型运输机比过去重的多（如波音-747的重量是波音-707-320的两倍多），此时就必须采用大的多轮式起落架；同时上述种种原因使起落架的各种装置比过去更为复杂，而使其起落架的空间更显紧张。

8、由此可见，设计人员要找到一个能最好地协调各种要求，同时又使结构轻、成本低的设计方案变得越来越困难了。现代飞机起落架是由结构、机构和各种系统共同组成的复杂机械装置，包括减震系统、受力支柱、撑杆、机轮、刹车装置和防滑控制系统、收放机构、电气系统、液压系统和其他一些系统和装置。因此起落架设计比飞机结构设计的其他部件要包含更多的工程专业。起落架材料的发展状况，欧美国家起落架选用300M和35NCD16低合金超高强度钢整体锻件结构加工工艺，零件外形加工后进行真空热处理或可控气氛热处理。材料利用率只有12.