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1、Unit5LearningaboutChina Unit5LearningaboutChina 一.教学内容: Unit5:LearningaboutChina.Review 二.重点、难点: 定语从句及单项选择训练 三.具体内容: 定语从句专讲专练 概念:在含有主句和从句的复合句中,修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。它所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句就跟在先行词的后面。用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)和关系副词(where,when,why)。 e.g.Didyo
2、useethepersonwho/thatstoleit? Thisisthepenwhich/thatheislookingfor. 上面两例中的先行词分别是theperson与thepen,后面是由关系代词who/that;which/that引导的定语从句。 2.关系代词的选择及功能。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词who,that,which,whom,whose和关系副词where,when,why。它们放在先行词和定语从句之间起联系作用,同时又充当定语从句中的一个成分(如主语或宾语)。有关先行词的选择取决于两点:先行词是人还是物;关系代词
3、在从句中做主语还是宾语。具体用法如下: 1)当先行词是人时,关系代词可以用who或that;当先行词是物时,关系代词可用which或that。 e.g.Thefilmwhich/thattheysawwasveryinteresting. Theboywho/thatissittinginthesunismybrother. 2)当关系代词在句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。 e.g.Theman(who,whom,that)theyarewaitingforcomesfromJapan. 3)whose指人或物的所有格。 e.g.Doyou
4、knowtheboywhosehairisyellow? Theclassroomwhosewindowsareclosedisours. 4)关系副词when,where,why=介词+which when表时间,跟在hour,moment,day,month,year,season,time等之后。 e.g.Canyoutellmethedatewhen/onwhichyouwereborn? where表地点,跟在place,village,town,city,home等之后。 e.g.Thisistheplacewhere/inwhi
5、chIgrewup. why表原因,在reason(原因)之后。 That’sthereasonwhyshedidn’tcometowork. 3.特殊情况 1)当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,关系代词必须用that。 e.g.Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread. 2)如果指物的先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时,必须用that,不能用which。 不定代词有all,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone,much,little,ev
6、ery,any,some等。 e.g.Imeantheone(that)youtalkedaboutjustnow. 3)当先行词有theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame,thefirst等词修饰时,关系代词必须用that。 e.g.Heistheonlyperson(that)Isawthere. 4)关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,如果介词放在它的前面,只能用which或whom。 e.g.Thisistheroomthat/whichhelivedintwoyearsago. =Thisistheroomin
7、whichhelivedtwoyearsago. Thegirlwho/whom/thatheistalkingtoismysister. =Thegirltowhomheistalkingismysister. 但有些介词短语的固定词组不能拆开 e.g.Thebabieswho/thatthenursearelookingafterarehealthy. 5)当关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时,定语从句的谓语动词取决于先行词而不是关系代词。 e.g.Thegirlwhohaslonghairismydaughter. Thetreestha
8、twereplantedbyuslastyearhavegrownwell.