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1、AnOutlineofAmericanHistoryChaper1EarlyAmerica•TheFirstAmericans•Beringia•TheFirstEuropeans:•ThefirstEuropeanstoarriveinNorthAmerica--atleastthefirstforwhomthereissolidevidence--wereNorse,travelingwestfromGreenland.•In1497,justfiveyearsafterChristopherColumbuslandedintheCa
2、ribbeanlookingforawesternroutetoAsia,aVenetiansailornamedJohnCabotarrivedinNewfoundlandonamissionfortheBritishking.Althoughfairlyquicklyforgotten,Cabot'sjourneywaslatertoprovidethebasisforBritishclaimstoNorthAmerica.ItalsoopenedthewaytotherichfishinggroundsoffGeorge'sBank
3、s,towhichEuropeanfishermen,particularlythePortuguese,weresoonmakingregularvisits.•AmongthemostsignificantearlySpanishexplorationswasthatofHernandoDeSoto,aveteranconquistadorwhohadaccompaniedFranciscoPizzaroduringtheconquestofPeru.•WhiletheSpanishwerepushingupfromthesouth,
4、thenorthernportionofthepresent-dayUnitedStateswasslowlybeingrevealedthroughthejourneysofmensuchasGiovannidaVerrazano.AFlorentinewhosailedfortheFrench,VerrazanomadelandfallinNorthCarolinain1524,thensailednorthalongtheAtlanticcoastpastwhatisnowNewYorkharbor.•Adecadelater,th
5、eFrenchmanJacquesCartiersetsailwiththehope--liketheotherEuropeansbeforehim--offindingaseapassagetoAsia.Cartier'sexpeditionsalongtheSt.LawrenceRiverlaidthefoundationsfortheFrenchclaimstoNorthAmerica,whichweretolastuntil1763.•FollowingthecollapseoftheirfirstQuebeccolonyinth
6、e1540s,FrenchHuguenotsattemptedtosettlethenortherncoastofFloridatwodecadeslater.TheSpanish,viewingtheFrenchasathreattotheirtraderoutealongtheGulfStream,destroyedthecolonyin1565.Ironically,theleaderoftheSpanishforces,PedroMenendez,wouldsoonestablishatownnotfaraway--St.Augu
7、stine.ItwasthefirstpermanentEuropeansettlementinwhatwouldbecometheUnitedStates.•In1578HumphreyGilbert,theauthorofatreatiseonthesearchfortheNorthwestPassage,receivedapatentfromQueenElizabethtocolonizethe"heathenandbarbarouslandes"intheNewWorldwhichotherEuropeannationshadno
8、tyetclaimed.Itwouldbefiveyearsbeforehiseffortscouldbegin.Whenhewaslostatsea,hishalf-brother,Walt