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ID:27394016
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页数:121页
时间:2018-12-03
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1、第一单元段落简介1.1段落段落是构成文章的一组句子。段落必须表达完整的意思:或描写事物(describesomething),或争论某事(argueaboutsomething),或对某事提出疑问(questionsomething),或要求什么(demandsomething),或给事物下定义(definesomething),或驳斥某观点(rejectsomething)。1.2典型段落的构成一个典型的段落通常由三部分组成:(1)主题句(thetopicsentence);(2)说明或支持主题的推展句(supportingsentenc
2、es);(3)结论句(theconcludingsentence)(有些段落没有该部分)。示范段落1-1Weallknowthatcigarettesmokingisadangeroushabitbecauseitcauseshealthproblems.Doctorssayitcanbeadirectcauseofcancerofthelungsandthroatandcanalsocontributetocancerofotherorgans.Inaddition,itcanbringaboutotherhealthproblemssu
3、chasheartandlungdiseases.Itisclearlyidentifiedasoneofthechiefcausesofdeathinoursociety.1.3示范段落分析这是一个典型的段落,可概括提纲如下:主题句:Weallknowthatcigarettesmokingisadangeroushabit,becauseitcauseshealthproblems.推展句:1.Doctorssayitcanbeadireccauseofcancerofthelungsandthroatandcanalsocontrib
4、utetocancerofotherorgans.2.Itcanbringaboutotherhealthproblemssuchasheartandlungdiseases.结论句:Itisclearlyidentifiedasoneofthechiefcausesofdeathinoursociety.从以上提纲可见,主题句提出了一个问题:Whatkindofhealthproblemsdoescigarettesmokingcause?随后的两个推展句回答了这个问题,结论句总结了推展句并再一次强调主题句。Exercise1-1Dire
5、ctions:Readthefollowingparagraphsandfindoutthetopicsentence,thesupportingdetailsandtheconcludingsentence,ifthereisone.(1)Theneedforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbefore.Aboutathousandspeciesofanimalsareindangerofextinction,,andtherateatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasi
6、ncreased.Withmammals,forinstance,therateofextinctionisnowaboutonespecieseveryyear;fromA.D.1to1800,theratewasaboutonespecieseveryfiftyyears.Everywhere,menaretryingosolvetheproblemofpreservingwildlifewhilecaringatthesametimefortheworld’sgrowingpopulation.TopicSentence:Thenee
7、dforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbefore.Details:1.Aboutathousandspeciesofanimalsareindangerofextinction,,andtherateatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasincreased.2.Withmammals,forinstance,therateofextinctionisnowaboutonespecieseveryyear;fromA.D.1to1800,theratewasabouton
8、especieseveryfiftyyears.ConcludingSentence:Everywhere,menaretryingosolvetheproblemofprese
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