实用英文写作技巧

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1、第一单元段落简介1．1段落段落是构成文章的一组句子。段落必须表达完整的意思：或描写事物（describesomething），或争论某事（argueaboutsomething），或对某事提出疑问（questionsomething），或要求什么（demandsomething），或给事物下定义（definesomething），或驳斥某观点（rejectsomething）。1．2典型段落的构成一个典型的段落通常由三部分组成：（1）主题句（thetopicsentence）；（2）说明或支持主题的推展句（supportingsentenc

2、es）；（3）结论句（theconcludingsentence）（有些段落没有该部分）。示范段落1-1Weallknowthatcigarettesmokingisadangeroushabitbecauseitcauseshealthproblems．Doctorssayitcanbeadirectcauseofcancerofthelungsandthroatandcanalsocontributetocancerofotherorgans．Inaddition，itcanbringaboutotherhealthproblemssu

3、chasheartandlungdiseases．Itisclearlyidentifiedasoneofthechiefcausesofdeathinoursociety．1．3示范段落分析这是一个典型的段落，可概括提纲如下：主题句：Weallknowthatcigarettesmokingisadangeroushabit，becauseitcauseshealthproblems．推展句：1．Doctorssayitcanbeadireccauseofcancerofthelungsandthroatandcanalsocontrib

4、utetocancerofotherorgans．2．Itcanbringaboutotherhealthproblemssuchasheartandlungdiseases．结论句：Itisclearlyidentifiedasoneofthechiefcausesofdeathinoursociety．从以上提纲可见，主题句提出了一个问题：Whatkindofhealthproblemsdoescigarettesmokingcause？随后的两个推展句回答了这个问题，结论句总结了推展句并再一次强调主题句。Exercise1-1Dire

5、ctions：Readthefollowingparagraphsandfindoutthetopicsentence，thesupportingdetailsandtheconcludingsentence，ifthereisone．（1）Theneedforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbefore．Aboutathousandspeciesofanimalsareindangerofextinction,，andtherateatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasi

6、ncreased．Withmammals，forinstance，therateofextinctionisnowaboutonespecieseveryyear；fromA．D．1to1800，theratewasaboutonespecieseveryfiftyyears．Everywhere，menaretryingosolvetheproblemofpreservingwildlifewhilecaringatthesametimefortheworld’sgrowingpopulation．TopicSentence：Thenee

7、dforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbefore．Details：1．Aboutathousandspeciesofanimalsareindangerofextinction,，andtherateatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasincreased．2．Withmammals，forinstance，therateofextinctionisnowaboutonespecieseveryyear；fromA．D．1to1800，theratewasabouton

8、especieseveryfiftyyears．ConcludingSentence：Everywhere，menaretryingosolvetheproblemofprese