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时间:2020-06-05
《江苏省2012高考英语二轮复习 限时训练专题3 任务型阅读3.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、2012高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练(江苏专用)专题3任务型阅读3(25分钟)(A)请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。Theworldwouldhavebeensomuchbetterifweallknewtosayanddotherightthingattherighttime.However,thatisnotthecase,especiallywhenitcomestoinstilling(逐步培养)properbehaviorinkids.Beha
2、viormodification(BM)techniqueswererecentlycreatedtohelpininstillingproperbehaviorinchildrenaswellasadults.Behaviormodificationreferstoestablishingappropreciatebehaviorsinindividualsanddiscouragingthosethatarenotdesirable.Behaviormodificationtechniquesaredevelopedlar
3、gelyaccordingtotheprinciplesofoperantconditioningbyB.F.Skinner,anAmericanbehaviorist.Thesetechniquesareusedinbehaviormodificationtherapythataimstocorrectandinstillappropreciatebehaviorinchildren.Themostcommonlyusedbehaviormodificationtechniquesarepositivereinforceme
4、nt,negativereinforcementandpunishment.Positivereinforcementreferstoreinforcingadesiredbehaviorthroughtheprocessofrewardingit.Thiscanbedonebypraisingtheindividualassoonasheperformsadesirablebehavior.Negativereinforcementbehavioralstrategiesarebasedontheremovalofanega
5、tiveconsequenceorabehaviorbecausethedesiredbehaviorwasperformed.Forexample,lettingachildnothelpinwashingdishesbecausehebehavedwellatafamilygatheringisaformofnegativereinforcement.Punishmentissomethingthatweallcanrelateto.Yes,itisjustwhatitmeans.However,whenputinword
6、s,punishmentreferstosubjecting(使服从于)anindividualtoanegativeconditionbecauseofaninappropriatebehavior.Thebehaviormodificationtechniquesforchildrenaremostlybasedonpositive5用心爱心专心andnegativereinforcement.However,parentsshouldrealizethatthesetechniquescan’tbereliedupont
7、otallyforchildbehaviormodification.Thoughthebehaviormodificationtechniquesleadtoquickresults,aparentshouldcontinuouslytrytocultivateinhischildtheabilitytoappreciatethereasonwhysuchabehaviorisexpectedofhim.Thiscanbedonethrougheffectivecommunicationandgreaterfocusonth
8、eparent-childrelationship.Asaparent,don’tmaketherewardamonetaryone.Trytomakeitlookmorelikeaprivilegethanareward.Aparentshouldalsobeconsist
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