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ID:56903450
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页数:44页
时间:2020-07-21
《物流管理供应链管理课件.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、Chapter10ManagingEconomiesofScaleintheSupplyChain:CycleInventory1OutlineRoleofCycleInventoryinaSupplyChainEconomiesofScaletoExploitFixedCostsEconomiesofScaletoExploitQuantityDiscountsShort-TermDiscounting:TradePromotionsManagingMulti-EchelonCycleInventoryEstimatingCycleInventory-
2、RelatedCostsinPractice2RoleofInventoryintheSupplyChainCostAvailabilityEfficiencyResponsiveness3RoleofCycleInventoryinaSupplyChainLot,orbatchsize:quantitythatasupplychainstageeitherproducesorordersatagiventimeCycleinventory:averageinventorythatbuildsupinthesupplychainbecauseasuppl
3、ychainstageeitherproducesorpurchasesinlotsthatarelargerthanthosedemandedbythecustomerQ=lotorbatchsizeofanorderD=demandperunittimeInventoryprofile:plotoftheinventorylevelovertime(Fig.10.1)Cycleinventory=Q/2(dependsdirectlyonlotsize)Averageflowtime=Avginventory/AvgflowrateAveragefl
4、owtimefromcycleinventory=Q/(2D)4RoleofCycleInventoryinaSupplyChainQ=1000unitsD=100units/dayCycleinventory=Q/2=1000/2=500=AvginventorylevelfromcycleinventoryAvgflowtime=Q/2D=1000/(2)(100)=5daysCycleinventoryadds5daystothetimeaunitspendsinthesupplychainLowercycleinventoryisbetterbe
5、cause:AverageflowtimeislowerWorkingcapitalrequirementsarelowerLowerinventoryholdingcosts5RoleofCycleInventoryinaSupplyChainCycleinventoryisheldprimarilytotakeadvantageofeconomiesofscaleinthesupplychainSupplychaincostsinfluencedbylotsize:Materialcost=CFixedorderingcost=SHoldingcos
6、t=H=hC(h=costofholding$1ininventoryforoneyear)Primaryroleofcycleinventoryistoallowdifferentstagestopurchaseproductinlotsizesthatminimizethesumofmaterial,ordering,andholdingcostsIdeally,cycleinventorydecisionsshouldconsidercostsacrosstheentiresupplychain,butinpractice,eachstagegene
7、rallymakesitsownsupplychaindecisions–increasestotalcycleinventoryandtotalcostsinthesupplychain6EstimatingCycleInventoryRelatedCostsinPracticeInventoryHoldingCostObsolescenceHandlingcostsOccupancycostsTheft,security,damage,tax,insuranceOrderingCostBuyertimeTransportationcostsReceiv
8、ingcostsUniqueothercosts7Economie
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