宾语补足语讲解及练习

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1、宾语补足语讲解一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补三宾语补足语的词语形式有：副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词）四、具体说明：（1）副词作宾语补足语如：Ifoundhiminyesterday.（2）形容词作宾语补足语如：Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.（3）名词作宾语补足语如：Wecallthemmooncakes.（4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：Ileftmypenonmydeskathome.（5）不定式作宾语补足语如：Sheof

2、tenasksmetohelpher.Ioftenseehimplayfootball.用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明：①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework.②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有：　一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat如：Isawtheboyclimbthewall（过程）如：Thebossmakesthebo

3、yworkdayandnight.这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittlesister.　　虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了③表示心理状态的动词（consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等）后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think,consider,fin

4、d后的tobe常可省略。　　如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher.　　如：Heprovedthetheory(tobe)veryimportant.　　（6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Isawtheboyclimbingthewall.（片段）（7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。如：Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.（8）“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如：1、

5、with+宾+形Helefttheroomwiththedooropen.方式2、with+宾+副Withtheradioon,grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.伴随3、with+宾+过去分词Themanwsbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.方式4、with+宾+不定式Withthisbooktohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkqickly.条件5、with+宾+介词短语Themanleftthemeetingwithabookinhishand.伴随6、with+宾

6、+现在分词Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.伴随宾语补足语练习题51.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseethenextyear.(NMET2000)A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout2.----There’saholeinyourbag.----Iknow,I’mgoingtohaveit_____.A.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended3.Thoughhehadofte

7、nmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry4.Theywouldnotallowhim_____acrosstheenemyline.A.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing5.Ifoundthedoor_____whenIgothome.A.openedB.closeC.unlockingD.open6.Theboywanted

8、toridehisbicycleinthestree